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Ribosomal protein L41 (RPL41 or eL41) is the smallest ribosomal protein and forms the eukaryote-specific bridge, eB14, near the decoding center; however, its role in mammalian translation remains unclear. In this study, we established RPL41-deficient models of human HEK293T cells and mice to define its function. Cryo-electron microscopy revealed that RPL41 constrains intersubunit conformational dynamics without inducing major local static rearrangements. Loss of RPL41 altered A-site dynamics, slowed elongation, modestly increased amino acid misincorporation, and modestly enhanced readthrough of collision-inducing reporter sequences. Quantitative proteomic analysis suggested that these translational defects compromise long-protein homeostasis, as evidenced by increased insolubility and reduced abundance of long proteins. In vivo, Rpl41-/- mice were viable but exhibited growth retardation and decreased abundance of long proteins in tissues. Our findings reveal a conserved role for RPL41 in maintaining ribosome dynamics and translational fidelity, indicating that RPL41 supports ribosome function and long-protein homeostasis in mammals.
Organizational Affiliation:
Department of Biological Science, Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan.
Division of Cell Biology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Division of RNA and Gene Regulation, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-Ku 108-8639, Japan.
Laboratory for Translation Structural Biology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.
Department of Omics and Systems Biology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
Advanced Genomics Center, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.
Anticancer Strategies Laboratory, Advanced Research Initiative, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
Department of Aquaculture Life Science, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
Center for Human Disease Genomics and Medical Science, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
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