9SWM | pdb_00009swm

Stimulator of interferon genes protein

• PDB DOI: https://doi.org/10.2210/pdb9SWM/pdb
• EM Map EMD-55320: EMDB EMDataResource

• Classification: IMMUNE SYSTEM
• Organism(s): Homo sapiens
• Expression System: Homo sapiens
• Mutation(s): No 


• Deposited: 2025-10-07 Released: 2026-05-27 
• Deposition Author(s): Xu, P., Zhang, B., Meng, Y., Ablasser, A.
• Funding Organization(s): Not funded

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Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
• Resolution: 3.38 Å
• Aggregation State: PARTICLE 
• Reconstruction Method: SINGLE PARTICLE 

Literature

The mutational landscape of STING-induced immunity.

Zhang, B., Xu, P., Meng, Y., Gallay, L., Lestelle, F., Morel, H., Fremond, M.L., Correia, B.E., Ablasser, A.

(2026) Nature 

• PubMed: 42343134 
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10685-3
• Primary Citation Related Structures: 
  9SWM, 9SWQ, 9SWR, 9SWS


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

  Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an evolutionary conserved immune signalling protein with key roles in host defence, cancer, senescence and inflammation ^1-3 . Downstream of STING, type I interferon, inflammatory cytokine signalling and non-canonical autophagy are governed by a multilayered mechanism integrating ligand-induced structural transitions, protein-protein interactions and coordinated intracellular trafficking ^4-13 . Despite its central role in immunity and relevance as therapeutic target ¹⁴ , the sequence elements that govern STING (in)activation in cells remain incompletely understood. Here we developed a massively parallel assay to systematically chart the sequence-function landscape of STING. Profiling thousands of single amino-acid variants, we identified structural and functional determinants that shape the immunostimulatory capacity of STING and its ability to translate ligand recognition into distinct signalling outputs. Cryogenic-electron microscopy structures of select STING hyperactive variants revealed new regulatory principles dictating conformational transition from inactive to signalling-competent states of STING. Mutational effects are widespread across the functional landscape and can sensitize STING towards the natural ligand 2'3'-cGAMP ^15-18 or decouple interferon induction from non-canonical autophagy, demonstrating a diversity of possible responses that can be accessed through single point substitutions. Finally, our data showed the clinical and evolutionary relevance of naturally occurring STING protein variants. Collectively, these findings define molecular principles that tune STING activity and chart the landscape of its functional potential across immune contexts.

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Organizational Affiliation: 
• Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Department of Clinical Immunology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Institut NeuroMyogène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, France.
Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre de Référence Coordinateur Des Maladies Pulmonaires Rares (OrphaLung), Hôpital Louis Pradel, Service de Pneumologie, Lyon, France.
Department of Genetics, Bichat Claude-Bernard Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.
Université Paris Cité, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France.
Pediatric Immuno-hematology and Rheumatology department, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Centre Université Paris Cité, Reference Centre for Inflammatory Rheumatism, Autoimmune Diseases and Systemic Interferonopathies in Children (RAISE), F-CRIN CRI-IMIDIATE network, Paris, France.
Laboratory of Protein Design and Immunoengineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland. [e-mail].
Institute for Cancer Research (ISREC), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland. [e-mail].

Biological Assembly 1  

Global Symmetry: Cyclic - C2  (Explore in 3D)
Global Stoichiometry: Homo 2-mer - A2 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors and generated by (software)

Biological Assembly Evidence: electron microscopy

Macromolecule Content 

• Total Structure Weight: 84.47 kDa 
• Atom Count: 5,002 
• Modeled Residue Count: 642 
• Deposited Residue Count: 758 
• Unique protein chains: 1

Macromolecules

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
Stimulator of interferon genes protein	A, B	379	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: STING1, ERIS, MITA, STING, TMEM173
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for Q86WV6 (Homo sapiens) Explore Q86WV6  Go to UniProtKB:  Q86WV6
PHAROS:  Q86WV6 GTEx:  ENSG00000184584

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
• Resolution: 3.38 Å
• Aggregation State: PARTICLE 
• Reconstruction Method: SINGLE PARTICLE 

EM Software:

Task	Software Package	Version
MODEL REFINEMENT	PHENIX	1.20rc2_4400
RECONSTRUCTION	cryoSPARC

Structure Validation

Entry History 

& Funding Information

Deposition Data

• Released Date: 2026-05-27 
Deposition Author(s): Xu, P., Zhang, B., Meng, Y., Ablasser, A.

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Funding Organization	Location	Grant Number
Not funded		--

Revision History  

• Version 1.0: 2026-05-27
  Type: Initial release
  
• Version 1.1: 2026-07-01
  Changes: Data collection, Database references, Structure summary
• Version 1.2: 2026-07-08
  Changes: Data collection, Database references