Download MendeleyGPR161 structure uncovers the redundant role of sterol-regulated ciliary cAMP signaling in the Hedgehog pathway.
Hoppe, N., Harrison, S., Hwang, S.H., Chen, Z., Karelina, M., Deshpande, I., Suomivuori, C.M., Palicharla, V.R., Berry, S.P., Tschaikner, P., Regele, D., Covey, D.F., Stefan, E., Marks, D.S., Reiter, J.F., Dror, R.O., Evers, A.S., Mukhopadhyay, S., Manglik, A.(2024) Nat Struct Mol Biol 31: 667-677
- PubMed: 38326651
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-024-01223-8
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
8SMV - PubMed Abstract:
The orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) GPR161 plays a central role in development by suppressing Hedgehog signaling. The fundamental basis of how GPR161 is activated remains unclear. Here, we determined a cryogenic-electron microscopy structure of active human GPR161 bound to heterotrimeric G s . This structure revealed an extracellular loop 2 that occupies the canonical GPCR orthosteric ligand pocket. Furthermore, a sterol that binds adjacent to transmembrane helices 6 and 7 stabilizes a GPR161 conformation required for G s coupling. Mutations that prevent sterol binding to GPR161 suppress G s -mediated signaling. These mutants retain the ability to suppress GLI2 transcription factor accumulation in primary cilia, a key function of ciliary GPR161. By contrast, a protein kinase A-binding site in the GPR161 C terminus is critical in suppressing GLI2 ciliary accumulation. Our work highlights how structural features of GPR161 interface with the Hedgehog pathway and sets a foundation to understand the role of GPR161 function in other signaling pathways.
Organizational Affiliation:
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
