8DFE

Crystal Structure of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (Mpro) S144L Mutant


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.89 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.268 
  • R-Value Work: 0.208 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.211 

Starting Model: experimental
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wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Naturally Occurring Mutations of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Confer Drug Resistance to Nirmatrelvir.

Hu, Y.Lewandowski, E.M.Tan, H.Zhang, X.Morgan, R.T.Zhang, X.Jacobs, L.M.C.Butler, S.G.Gongora, M.V.Choy, J.Deng, X.Chen, Y.Wang, J.

(2023) ACS Cent Sci 9: 1658-1669

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acscentsci.3c00538
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    8DCZ, 8DD1, 8DD9, 8DFE, 8DFN, 8DGB

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M pro ) is the drug target of Pfizer's oral drug nirmatrelvir. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutations in M pro raised the alarm of potential drug resistance. To identify potential clinically relevant drug-resistant mutants, we systematically characterized 102 naturally occurring M pro mutants located at 12 residues at the nirmatrelvir-binding site, among which 22 mutations in 5 residues, including S144M/F/A/G/Y, M165T, E166 V/G/A, H172Q/F, and Q192T/S/L/A/I/P/H/V/W/C/F, showed comparable enzymatic activity to the wild-type ( k cat / K m < 10-fold change) while being resistant to nirmatrelvir ( K i > 10-fold increase). X-ray crystal structures were determined for six representative mutants with and/or without GC-376/nirmatrelvir. Using recombinant SARS-CoV-2 viruses generated from reverse genetics, we confirmed the drug resistance in the antiviral assay and showed that M pro mutants with reduced enzymatic activity had attenuated viral replication. Overall, our study identified several drug-resistant hotspots in M pro that warrant close monitoring for possible clinical evidence of nirmatrelvir resistance, some of which have already emerged in independent viral passage assays conducted by others.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, United States.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
3C-like proteinase nsp5306Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Mutation(s): 1 
Gene Names: rep1a-1b
EC: 3.4.22.69
UniProt
Find proteins for P0DTD1 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2)
Explore P0DTD1 
Go to UniProtKB:  P0DTD1
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP0DTD1
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.89 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.268 
  • R-Value Work: 0.208 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.211 
  • Space Group: C 1 2 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 113.554α = 90
b = 54.075β = 100.73
c = 44.615γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
REFMACrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction
HKL-2000data reduction
HKL-2000data scaling
PHASERphasing

Structure Validation

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Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
National Institutes of Health/National Institute Of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH/NIAID)United StatesAI158775

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2022-07-13
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2022-10-05
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2023-10-18
    Changes: Data collection, Refinement description
  • Version 1.3: 2023-10-25
    Changes: Database references