6UEZ

Human sterol 14a-demethylase (CYP51) in complex with the substrate lanosterol


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.98 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.222 
  • R-Value Work: 0.191 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.193 

Starting Model: experimental
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This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

A requirement for an active proton delivery network supports a compound I-mediated C-C bond cleavage in CYP51 catalysis.

Hargrove, T.Y.Wawrzak, Z.Guengerich, F.P.Lepesheva, G.I.

(2020) J Biol Chem 295: 9998-10007

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA120.014064
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    6UEZ

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    CYP51 enzymes (sterol 14α-demethylases) are cytochromes P450 that catalyze multistep reactions. The CYP51 reaction occurs in all biological kingdoms and is essential in sterol biosynthesis. It removes the 14α-methyl group from cyclized sterol precursors by first forming an alcohol, then an aldehyde, and finally eliminating formic acid with the introduction of a Δ14-15 double bond in the sterol core. The first two steps are typical hydroxylations, mediated by an electrophilic compound I mechanism. The third step, C-C bond cleavage, has been proposed to involve either compound I ( i.e. FeO 3 + ) or, alternatively, a proton transfer-independent nucleophilic ferric peroxo anion (compound 0, i.e. Fe 3 + O 2 - ). Here, using comparative crystallographic and biochemical analyses of WT human CYP51 (CYP51A1) and its D231A/H314A mutant, whose proton delivery network is destroyed (as evidenced in a 1.98-Å X-ray structure in complex with lanosterol), we demonstrate that deformylation of the 14α-carboxaldehyde intermediate requires an active proton relay network to drive the catalysis. These results indicate a unified, compound I-based mechanism for all three steps of the CYP51 reaction, as previously established for CYP11A1 and CYP19A1. We anticipate that our approach can be applied to mechanistic studies of other P450s that catalyze multistep reactions, such as C-C bond cleavage.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase
A, B
454Homo sapiensMutation(s): 2 
Gene Names: CYP51A1CYP51
EC: 1.14.14.154
Membrane Entity: Yes 
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for Q16850 (Homo sapiens)
Explore Q16850 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q16850
PHAROS:  Q16850
GTEx:  ENSG00000001630 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ16850
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.98 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.222 
  • R-Value Work: 0.191 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.193 
  • Space Group: C 2 2 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 91.18α = 90
b = 165.07β = 90
c = 154.03γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
REFMACrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction
HKL-2000data reduction
HKL-2000data scaling
PHASERphasing

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)United StatesR01067871

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2020-06-10
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2020-06-17
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2020-07-29
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.3: 2023-10-11
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Refinement description