6GZ9

Crystal structure of a POT family transporter in complex with prodrug valacyclovir


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 3.10 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.305 
  • R-Value Work: 0.244 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.246 

Starting Model: experimental
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This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Structural basis for prodrug recognition by the SLC15 family of proton-coupled peptide transporters.

Minhas, G.S.Newstead, S.

(2019) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 116: 804-809

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1813715116
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    6GZ9, 6H7U, 6HZP

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    A major challenge in drug development is the optimization of intestinal absorption and cellular uptake. A successful strategy has been to develop prodrug molecules, which hijack solute carrier (SLC) transporters for active transport into the body. The proton-coupled oligopeptide transporters, PepT1 and PepT2, have been successfully targeted using this approach. Peptide transporters display a remarkable capacity to recognize a diverse library of di- and tripeptides, making them extremely promiscuous and major contributors to the pharmacokinetic profile of several important drug classes, including beta-lactam antibiotics and antiviral and antineoplastic agents. Of particular interest has been their ability to recognize amino acid and peptide-based prodrug molecules, thereby providing a rational approach to improving drug transport into the body. However, the structural basis for prodrug recognition has remained elusive. Here we present crystal structures of a prokaryotic homolog of the mammalian transporters in complex with the antiviral prodrug valacyclovir and the peptide-based photodynamic therapy agent, 5-aminolevulinic acid. The valacyclovir structure reveals that prodrug recognition is mediated through both the amino acid scaffold and the ester bond, which is commonly used to link drug molecules to the carrier's physiological ligand, whereas 5-aminolevulinic acid makes far fewer interactions compared with physiological peptides. These structures provide a unique insight into how peptide transporters interact with xenobiotic molecules and provide a template for further prodrug development.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, OX1 3QU Oxford, United Kingdom.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Peptide ABC transporter permease488Staphylococcus hominisMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: BL313_09825
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 1 Unique
IDChains Name / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
TXC
Query on TXC

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
B [auth A]2-[(2-amino-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-9H-purin-9-yl)methoxy]ethyl L-valinate
C13 H20 N6 O4
HDOVUKNUBWVHOX-QMMMGPOBSA-N
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 3.10 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.305 
  • R-Value Work: 0.244 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.246 
  • Space Group: P 1 21 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 60.119α = 90
b = 56.576β = 104.66
c = 99.172γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
XDSdata reduction
PHENIXrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction
Aimlessdata scaling
PHASERphasing

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
Wellcome TrustUnited Kingdom102890/Z/13/Z

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2018-12-26
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2019-01-16
    Changes: Data collection, Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2019-01-23
    Changes: Data collection, Database references
  • Version 1.3: 2024-01-17
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Refinement description