6CTA

Structure of the human cGAS-DNA complex with ATP


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.78 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.245 
  • R-Value Work: 0.211 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.214 

Starting Model: experimental
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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Structure of the Human cGAS-DNA Complex Reveals Enhanced Control of Immune Surveillance.

Zhou, W.Whiteley, A.T.de Oliveira Mann, C.C.Morehouse, B.R.Nowak, R.P.Fischer, E.S.Gray, N.S.Mekalanos, J.J.Kranzusch, P.J.

(2018) Cell 174: 300-311.e11

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.06.026
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    6CT9, 6CTA

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) recognition of cytosolic DNA is critical for immune responses to pathogen replication, cellular stress, and cancer. Existing structures of the mouse cGAS-DNA complex provide a model for enzyme activation but do not explain why human cGAS exhibits severely reduced levels of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthesis compared to other mammals. Here, we discover that enhanced DNA-length specificity restrains human cGAS activation. Using reconstitution of cGAMP signaling in bacteria, we mapped the determinant of human cGAS regulation to two amino acid substitutions in the DNA-binding surface. Human-specific substitutions are necessary and sufficient to direct preferential detection of long DNA. Crystal structures reveal why removal of human substitutions relaxes DNA-length specificity and explain how human-specific DNA interactions favor cGAS oligomerization. These results define how DNA-sensing in humans adapted for enhanced specificity and provide a model of the active human cGAS-DNA complex to enable structure-guided design of cGAS therapeutics.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA.


Macromolecules

Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase367Homo sapiensMutation(s): 2 
Gene Names: CGASC6orf150MB21D1
EC: 2.7.7.86
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for Q8N884 (Homo sapiens)
Explore Q8N884 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q8N884
PHAROS:  Q8N884
GTEx:  ENSG00000164430 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ8N884
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence

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Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChains LengthOrganismImage
DNA (5'-D(P*CP*GP*TP*CP*TP*TP*CP*GP*GP*CP*AP*AP*T)-3')17synthetic construct
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence

Find similar nucleic acids by:  Sequence   |   3D Structure  

Entity ID: 3
MoleculeChains LengthOrganismImage
DNA (5'-D(*AP*AP*AP*TP*TP*GP*CP*CP*GP*AP*AP*GP*AP*CP*GP*A)-3')17synthetic construct
Sequence Annotations
Expand
  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.78 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.245 
  • R-Value Work: 0.211 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.214 
  • Space Group: P 61 2 2
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 99.782α = 90
b = 99.782β = 90
c = 236.769γ = 120
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
PHENIXrefinement
XDSdata reduction
Aimlessdata scaling
PHASERphasing

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2018-07-18
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2018-08-01
    Changes: Data collection, Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2019-04-17
    Changes: Author supporting evidence, Data collection
  • Version 1.3: 2023-10-04
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Refinement description