5T2E

Crystal Structure of multi-drug resistant HIV-1 protease PR-S17


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.50 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.186 
  • R-Value Work: 0.138 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.140 

Starting Model: experimental
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This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Structural Studies of a Rationally Selected Multi-Drug Resistant HIV-1 Protease Reveal Synergistic Effect of Distal Mutations on Flap Dynamics.

Agniswamy, J.Louis, J.M.Roche, J.Harrison, R.W.Weber, I.T.

(2016) PLoS One 11: e0168616-e0168616

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0168616
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    5T2E, 5T2Z

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    We report structural analysis of HIV protease variant PRS17 which was rationally selected by machine learning to represent wide classes of highly drug-resistant variants. Crystal structures were solved of PRS17 in the inhibitor-free form and in complex with antiviral inhibitor, darunavir. Despite its 17 mutations, PRS17 has only one mutation (V82S) in the inhibitor/substrate binding cavity, yet exhibits high resistance to all clinical inhibitors. PRS17 has none of the major mutations (I47V, I50V, I54ML, L76V and I84V) associated with darunavir resistance, but has 10,000-fold weaker binding affinity relative to the wild type PR. Comparable binding affinity of 8000-fold weaker than PR is seen for drug resistant mutant PR20, which bears 3 mutations associated with major resistance to darunavir (I47V, I54L and I84V). Inhibitor-free PRS17 shows an open flap conformation with a curled tip correlating with G48V flap mutation. NMR studies on inactive PRS17 D25N unambiguously confirm that the flaps adopt mainly an open conformation in solution very similar to that in the inhibitor-free crystal structure. In PRS17, the hinge loop cluster of mutations, E35D, M36I and S37D, contributes to the altered flap dynamics by a mechanism similar to that of PR20. An additional K20R mutation anchors an altered conformation of the hinge loop. Flap mutations M46L and G48V in PRS17/DRV complex alter the Phe53 conformation by steric hindrance between the side chains. Unlike the L10F mutation in PR20, L10I in PRS17 does not break the inter-subunit ion pair or diminish the dimer stability, consistent with a very low dimer dissociation constant comparable to that of wild type PR. Distal mutations A71V, L90M and I93L propagate alterations to the catalytic site of PRS17. PRS17 exhibits a molecular mechanism whereby mutations act synergistically to alter the flap dynamics resulting in significantly weaker binding yet maintaining active site contacts with darunavir.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Biology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Protease99Human immunodeficiency virus 1Mutation(s): 7 
Gene Names: pol
UniProt
Find proteins for I7BFC3 (Human immunodeficiency virus 1)
Explore I7BFC3 
Go to UniProtKB:  I7BFC3
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupI7BFC3
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.50 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.186 
  • R-Value Work: 0.138 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.140 
  • Space Group: P 32 2 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 49.899α = 90
b = 49.899β = 90
c = 86.628γ = 120
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
REFMACrefinement
HKL-2000data reduction
SCALEPACKdata scaling
PHASERphasing

Structure Validation

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Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)United States--

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2017-01-11
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2019-12-04
    Changes: Author supporting evidence
  • Version 1.2: 2023-10-04
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Refinement description