Download MendeleyThe mechanism of shared but distinct CSF-1R signaling by the non-homologous cytokines IL-34 and CSF-1.
Liu, H., Leo, C., Chen, X., Wong, B.R., Williams, L.T., Lin, H., He, X.(2012) Biochim Biophys Acta 1824: 938-945
- PubMed: 22579672
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2012.04.012
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
4EXN, 4EXP - PubMed Abstract:
Interleukin-34 (IL-34) and colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) both signal through the CSF-1R receptor tyrosine kinase, but they have no sequence homology, and their functions and signaling activities are not identical. We report the crystal structures of mouse IL-34 alone and in complex with the N-terminal three immunoglobulin-like domains (D1-D3) of mouse CSF-1R. IL-34 is structurally related to other helical hematopoietic cytokines, but contains two additional helices integrally associated with the four shared helices. The non-covalently linked IL-34 homodimer recruits two copies of CSF-1R on the sides of the helical bundles, with an overall shape similar to the CSF-1:CSF-1R complex, but the flexible linker between CSF-1R D2 and D3 allows these domains to clamp IL-34 and CSF-1 at different angles. Functional dissection of the IL-34:CSF-1R interface indicates that the hydrophobic interactions, rather than the salt bridge network, dominate the biological activity of IL-34. To degenerately recognize two ligands with completely different surfaces, CSF-1R apparently takes advantage of different subsets of a chemically inert surface that can be tuned to fit different ligand shapes. Differentiated signaling between IL-34 and CSF-1 is likely achieved by the relative thermodynamic independence of IL-34 vs. negative cooperativity of CSF-1 at the receptor-recognition sites, in combination with the difference in hydrophobicity which dictates a more stable IL-34:CSF-1R complex compared to the CSF-1:CSF-1R complex.
Organizational Affiliation:
Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Biological Chemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
