3SS3

Crystal structure of mouse Glutaminase C, ligand-free form


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.42 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.250 
  • R-Value Work: 0.195 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.198 

Starting Model: experimental
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wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Mitochondrial localization and structure-based phosphate activation mechanism of Glutaminase C with implications for cancer metabolism.

Cassago, A.Ferreira, A.P.Ferreira, I.M.Fornezari, C.Gomes, E.R.Greene, K.S.Pereira, H.M.Garratt, R.C.Dias, S.M.Ambrosio, A.L.

(2012) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109: 1092-1097

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1112495109
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    3SS3, 3SS4, 3SS5

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Glutamine is an essential nutrient for cancer cell proliferation, especially in the context of citric acid cycle anaplerosis. In this manuscript we present results that collectively demonstrate that, of the three major mammalian glutaminases identified to date, the lesser studied splice variant of the gene gls, known as Glutaminase C (GAC), is important for tumor metabolism. We show that, although levels of both the kidney-type isoforms are elevated in tumor vs. normal tissues, GAC is distinctly mitochondrial. GAC is also most responsive to the activator inorganic phosphate, the content of which is supposedly higher in mitochondria subject to hypoxia. Analysis of X-ray crystal structures of GAC in different bound states suggests a mechanism that introduces the tetramerization-induced lifting of a "gating loop" as essential for the phosphate-dependent activation process. Surprisingly, phosphate binds inside the catalytic pocket rather than at the oligomerization interface. Phosphate also mediates substrate entry by competing with glutamate. A greater tendency to oligomerize differentiates GAC from its alternatively spliced isoform and the cycling of phosphate in and out of the active site distinguishes it from the liver-type isozyme, which is known to be less dependent on this ion.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas-SP 13083-970, Campinas, Brazil.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Glutaminase C
A, B, C, D
479Mus musculusMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: GlsGLS1mKIAA0838
EC: 3.5.1.2
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for D3Z7P3 (Mus musculus)
Explore D3Z7P3 
Go to UniProtKB:  D3Z7P3
IMPC:  MGI:95752
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupD3Z7P3
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.42 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.250 
  • R-Value Work: 0.195 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.198 
  • Space Group: P 21 21 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 99.26α = 90
b = 138.81β = 90
c = 179.48γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
ADSCdata collection
PHASERphasing
PHENIXrefinement
MOSFLMdata reduction
SCALAdata scaling

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2012-01-11
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2012-04-04
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2023-09-13
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Refinement description