2EIQ

Design of Disulfide-linked Thioredoxin Dimers and Multimers Through Analysis of Crystal Contacts


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.90 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.218 
  • R-Value Work: 0.184 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.187 

Starting Model: experimental
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This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Design of Disulfide-linked Thioredoxin Dimers and Multimers Through Analysis of Crystal Contacts

Das, M.Kobayashi, M.Yamada, Y.Sreeramulu, S.Ramakrishnan, C.Wakatsuki, S.Kato, R.Varadarajan, R.

(2007) J Mol Biol 372: 1278-1292

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2007.07.033
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    2EIO, 2EIQ, 2EIR

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Disulfide bonds play an important role in protein stability and function. Here, we describe a general procedure for generating disulfide-linked dimers and multimers of proteins of known crystal structures. An algorithm was developed to predict sites in a protein compatible with intermolecular disulfide formation with neighboring molecules in the crystal lattice. A database analysis was carried out on 46 PDB coordinates to verify the general applicability of this algorithm to predict intermolecular disulfide linkages. On the basis of the predictions from this algorithm, mutants were constructed and characterized for a model protein, thioredoxin. Of the five mutants, as predicted, in solution four formed disulfide-linked dimers while one formed polymers. Thermal and chemical denaturation studies on these mutant thioredoxins showed that three of the four dimeric mutants had similar stability to wild-type thioredoxin while one had lower stability. Three of the mutant dimers crystallized readily (in four to seven days) in contrast to the wild-type protein, which is particularly difficult to crystallize and takes more than a month to form diffraction-quality crystals. In two of the three cases, the structure of the dimer was exactly as predicted by the algorithm, while in the third case the relative orientation of the monomers in the dimer was different from the predicted one. This methodology can be used to enhance protein crystallizability, modulate the oligomerization state and to produce linear chains or ordered three-dimensional protein arrays.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Thioredoxin 1
A, B
108Escherichia coliMutation(s): 1 
UniProt
Find proteins for P0AA25 (Escherichia coli (strain K12))
Explore P0AA25 
Go to UniProtKB:  P0AA25
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP0AA25
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.90 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.218 
  • R-Value Work: 0.184 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.187 
  • Space Group: C 1 2 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 89.209α = 90
b = 49.557β = 113.33
c = 59.427γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
MOLREPphasing
CNSrefinement
HKL-2000data reduction
SCALEPACKdata scaling
REFMACrefinement

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2007-09-11
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Derived calculations, Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2021-11-10
    Changes: Database references, Derived calculations
  • Version 1.3: 2023-10-25
    Changes: Data collection, Refinement description