Protonectin

UniProtKB accession:  P69437

Grouped By:  Matching UniProtKB accession

UniProtKB description:  Potent antimicrobial peptide that acts by disruption of the integrity of the membrane, thanks to its alpha-helical conformation in the membrane (PubMed:23836163, PubMed:26209560). Shows potent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (MIC=4-128 uM) (By similarity) (PubMed:15225564, PubMed:20600225, PubMed:23836163, PubMed:28299840). Is also active on yeasts (mainly tested on Candida cells, MIC=4-128 uM), by disrupting the membrane integrity and inducing the production of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (By similarity) (PubMed:26209560, PubMed:28299840). In addition, inhibits the formation of yeast biofilms and kills the adherent fungi cells (PubMed:26209560). Has relative binding specificity with the yeast polysaccharide laminarin, but not with the yeast polysaccharide mannan (PubMed:26209560). Has also mast cell degranulation activity, and induces a potent chemotaxis in polymorphonucleated leukocyte (PMNL) cells (PubMed:15052574, PubMed:15225564, PubMed:20600225). Its mast cell degranulation activity may be related to the activation of G-protein coupled receptors in mast cells as well as interaction with other proteins located in cell endosomal membranes in the mast cells (By similarity). Shows weak hemolytic activity (EC(50)=80 uM) (PubMed:15052574, PubMed:15225564, PubMed:20600225, PubMed:28299840). In vivo, exhibits anti-nociceptive activity (at 8 nmol, intracerebroventricular injection) (PubMed:34090029). Is toxic to cancer (Melanoma MM96L, and colorectal cancer HCT 116) and non-cancer cell lines (HaCaT, and HEK293) (By similarity). Is also much more toxic to metastatic breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231) than to non-cancerous epithelial breast cell lines (MCF-10) (By similarity) (PubMed:15052574, PubMed:15225564, PubMed:20600225, PubMed:23836163, PubMed:26209560, PubMed:28299840, PubMed:34090029).