Download MendeleyA conserved viral RNA fold enables nuclease resistance across kingdoms of life.
Gezelle, J.G., Korn, S.M., McDonald, J.T., Gong, Z., Erickson, A., Huang, C.H., Yang, F., Cronin, M., Kuo, Y.W., Wimberly, B.T., Steckelberg, A.L.(2025) Nucleic Acids Res 53
- PubMed: 40884403 Search on PubMedSearch on PubMed Central
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaf840
- Primary Citation Related Structures:
9CFN - PubMed Abstract:
Viral exoribonuclease-resistant RNA (xrRNA) structures block cellular nucleases to produce subgenomic viral RNAs during infection. High sequence variability among xrRNAs from distantly related viruses raises questions about the shared molecular features that enable these RNAs to withstand the strong unwinding forces of exoribonucleases. Here, we present the first structure of a plant-virus xrRNA in its active conformation and uncover universal principles of xrRNA folding. Comparison with the structure of a human-pathogenic flavivirus xrRNA reveals that both share a core structural motif-a protective ring encircling the RNA's 5' end-despite lacking sequence similarity. Disrupting this core motif through targeted mutagenesis eliminates exoribonuclease-resistance and attenuates viral infection. We identify hundreds of related structures across multiple virus families, supporting the conservation of this mechanism. Our study demonstrates how distantly related RNA viruses have converged on a common structural strategy to inhibit cellular nucleases, with a universal ring topology as the defining feature of viral xrRNAs.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States.
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