Funding Organization(s): Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Japan Science and Technology, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS)
Since 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has undergone mutations, resulting in pandemic and epidemic waves. The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, crucial for cellular entry, binds to the ACE2 receptor exclusively when its receptor-binding domain (RBD) adopts the up-conformation. However, whether ACE2 also interacts with the RBD in the down-conformation to facilitate the conformational shift to RBD-up remains unclear. Herein, we present the structures of the BA.2.86 and the JN.1 spike proteins bound to ACE2. Notably, we successfully observed the ACE2-bound down-RBD, indicating an intermediate structure before the RBD-up conformation. The wider and mobile angle of RBDs in the up-state provides space for ACE2 to interact with the down-RBD, facilitating the transition to the RBD-up state. The K356T, but not N354-linked glycan, contributes to both of infectivity and neutralizing-antibody evasion in BA.2.86. These structural insights the spike-protein dynamics would help understand the mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection and its neutralization.
Organizational Affiliation:
Laboratory of Medical Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Laboratory of Biomolecular Science and Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Faculty of Liberal Arts, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan.
Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases; Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan.
Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Research Administration Office, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Pathogen Structure, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. keisato@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. keisato@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. keisato@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan. keisato@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan. keisato@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. keisato@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Collaboration Unit for Infection, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan. keisato@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, UK. keisato@g.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Laboratory of Medical Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. hashiguchi.takao.1a@kyoto-u.ac.jp.
CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan. hashiguchi.takao.1a@kyoto-u.ac.jp.
Kyoto University Immunomonitoring Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. hashiguchi.takao.1a@kyoto-u.ac.jp.
G [auth A] H [auth A] I [auth A] J [auth A] K [auth A]
G [auth A], H [auth A], I [auth A], J [auth A], K [auth A], L [auth A], M [auth A], N [auth A], O [auth A], P [auth A], Q [auth A], R [auth A], S [auth D], T [auth D], U [auth D]
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