7NHT

Akirin2 bound human proteasome


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
  • Resolution: 3.20 Å
  • Aggregation State: PARTICLE 
  • Reconstruction Method: SINGLE PARTICLE 

Starting Model: experimental
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wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

AKIRIN2 controls the nuclear import of proteasomes in vertebrates.

de Almeida, M.Hinterndorfer, M.Brunner, H.Grishkovskaya, I.Singh, K.Schleiffer, A.Jude, J.Deswal, S.Kalis, R.Vunjak, M.Lendl, T.Imre, R.Roitinger, E.Neumann, T.Kandolf, S.Schutzbier, M.Mechtler, K.Versteeg, G.A.Haselbach, D.Zuber, J.

(2021) Nature 599: 491-496

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04035-8
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    7NHT

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Protein expression and turnover are controlled through a complex interplay of transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms to enable spatial and temporal regulation of cellular processes. To systematically elucidate such gene regulatory networks, we developed a CRISPR screening assay based on time-controlled Cas9 mutagenesis, intracellular immunostaining and fluorescence-activated cell sorting that enables the identification of regulatory factors independent of their effects on cellular fitness. We pioneered this approach by systematically probing the regulation of the transcription factor MYC, a master regulator of cell growth 1-3 . Our screens uncover a highly conserved protein, AKIRIN2, that is essentially required for nuclear protein degradation. We found that AKIRIN2 forms homodimers that directly bind to fully assembled 20S proteasomes to mediate their nuclear import. During mitosis, proteasomes are excluded from condensing chromatin and re-imported into newly formed daughter nuclei in a highly dynamic, AKIRIN2-dependent process. Cells undergoing mitosis in the absence of AKIRIN2 become devoid of nuclear proteasomes, rapidly causing accumulation of MYC and other nuclear proteins. Collectively, our study reveals a dedicated pathway controlling the nuclear import of proteasomes in vertebrates and establishes a scalable approach to decipher regulators in essential cellular processes.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria.


Macromolecules
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Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Proteasome subunit alpha type-2234Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
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PHAROS:  P25787
GTEx:  ENSG00000106588 
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UniProt GroupP25787
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Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Proteasome subunit alpha type-4261Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
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GTEx:  ENSG00000041357 
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UniProt GroupP25789
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Entity ID: 3
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Proteasome subunit alpha type-7248Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
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GTEx:  ENSG00000101182 
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UniProt GroupO14818
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Entity ID: 4
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Proteasome subunit alpha type-5241Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
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GTEx:  ENSG00000143106 
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UniProt GroupP28066
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Entity ID: 5
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Proteasome subunit alpha type-1263Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
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GTEx:  ENSG00000129084 
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Entity ID: 6
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Proteasome subunit alpha type-3255Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
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GTEx:  ENSG00000100567 
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Entity ID: 7
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Proteasome subunit alpha type-6246Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
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GTEx:  ENSG00000100902 
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Entity ID: 8
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Proteasome subunit beta type-7277Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
EC: 3.4.25.1
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GTEx:  ENSG00000136930 
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Entity ID: 9
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Proteasome subunit beta type-3205Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
EC: 3.4.25.1
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GTEx:  ENSG00000277791 
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Entity ID: 10
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Proteasome subunit beta type-2201Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
EC: 3.4.25.1
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GTEx:  ENSG00000126067 
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Entity ID: 11
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Proteasome subunit beta type-5263Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
EC: 3.4.25.1
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GTEx:  ENSG00000100804 
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Entity ID: 12
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Proteasome subunit beta type-1241Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
EC: 3.4.25.1
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GTEx:  ENSG00000008018 
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Entity ID: 13
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Proteasome subunit beta type-4264Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
EC: 3.4.25.1
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GTEx:  ENSG00000159377 
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Entity ID: 14
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Proteasome subunit beta type-6239Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
EC: 3.4.25.1
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GTEx:  ENSG00000142507 
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Entity ID: 15
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Akirin-2O [auth c],
P [auth d]
203Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: AKIRIN2C6orf166
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GTEx:  ENSG00000135334 
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UniProt GroupQ53H80
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Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
  • Resolution: 3.20 Å
  • Aggregation State: PARTICLE 
  • Reconstruction Method: SINGLE PARTICLE 
EM Software:
TaskSoftware PackageVersion
MODEL REFINEMENTREFMAC
RECONSTRUCTIONRELION3.1

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2021-09-01
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2021-11-17
    Changes: Data collection, Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2021-12-01
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.3: 2024-07-10
    Changes: Data collection, Refinement description