6WYL

Cryo-EM structure of GltPh L152C-G351C mutant in the intermediate outward-facing state.


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
  • Resolution: 3.90 Å
  • Aggregation State: PARTICLE 
  • Reconstruction Method: SINGLE PARTICLE 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Glutamate transporters have a chloride channel with two hydrophobic gates.

Chen, I.Pant, S.Wu, Q.Cater, R.J.Sobti, M.Vandenberg, R.J.Stewart, A.G.Tajkhorshid, E.Font, J.Ryan, R.M.

(2021) Nature 591: 327-331

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03240-9
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    6WYJ, 6WYK, 6WYL, 6WZB, 6X01

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Glutamate is the most abundant excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and its precise control is vital to maintain normal brain function and to prevent excitotoxicity 1 . The removal of extracellular glutamate is achieved by plasma-membrane-bound transporters, which couple glutamate transport to sodium, potassium and pH gradients using an elevator mechanism 2-5 . Glutamate transporters also conduct chloride ions by means of a channel-like process that is thermodynamically uncoupled from transport 6-8 . However, the molecular mechanisms that enable these dual-function transporters to carry out two seemingly contradictory roles are unknown. Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of a glutamate transporter homologue in an open-channel state, which reveals an aqueous cavity that is formed during the glutamate transport cycle. The functional properties of this cavity, combined with molecular dynamics simulations, reveal it to be an aqueous-accessible chloride permeation pathway that is gated by two hydrophobic regions and is conserved across mammalian and archaeal glutamate transporters. Our findings provide insight into the mechanism by which glutamate transporters support their dual function, and add information that will assist in mapping the complete transport cycle shared by the solute carrier 1A transporter family.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Transporter Biology Group, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Glutamate transporter homolog
A, B, C
422Pyrococcus horikoshii OT3Mutation(s): 3 
Gene Names: PH1295
Membrane Entity: Yes 
UniProt
Find proteins for O59010 (Pyrococcus horikoshii (strain ATCC 700860 / DSM 12428 / JCM 9974 / NBRC 100139 / OT-3))
Explore O59010 
Go to UniProtKB:  O59010
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupO59010
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
  • Resolution: 3.90 Å
  • Aggregation State: PARTICLE 
  • Reconstruction Method: SINGLE PARTICLE 
EM Software:
TaskSoftware PackageVersion
RECONSTRUCTIONRELION3.07

Structure Validation

View Full Validation Report



Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC, Australia)AustraliaAPP1164494

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2021-02-17
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2021-03-03
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2021-03-24
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.3: 2024-03-06
    Changes: Data collection, Database references