Download MendeleyA one-gate elevator mechanism for the human neutral amino acid transporter ASCT2.
Garaeva, A.A., Guskov, A., Slotboom, D.J., Paulino, C.(2019) Nat Commun 10: 3427-3427
- PubMed: 31366933
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11363-x
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
6RVX, 6RVY - PubMed Abstract:
The human Alanine Serine Cysteine Transporter 2 (ASCT2) is a neutral amino acid exchanger that belongs to the solute carrier family 1 (SLC1A). SLC1A structures have revealed an elevator-type mechanism, in which the substrate is translocated across the cell membrane by a large displacement of the transport domain, whereas a small movement of hairpin 2 (HP2) gates the extracellular access to the substrate-binding site. However, it has remained unclear how substrate binding and release is gated on the cytoplasmic side. Here, we present an inward-open structure of the human ASCT2, revealing a hitherto elusive SLC1A conformation. Strikingly, the same structural element (HP2) serves as a gate in the inward-facing as in the outward-facing state. The structures reveal that SLC1A transporters work as one-gate elevators. Unassigned densities near the gate and surrounding the scaffold domain, may represent potential allosteric binding sites, which could guide the design of lipidic-inhibitors for anticancer therapy.
Organizational Affiliation:
Membrane Enzymology, University of Groningen, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands.
