Download MendeleyStructure of the Shroom-Rho Kinase Complex Reveals a Binding Interface with Monomeric Shroom That Regulates Cell Morphology and Stimulates Kinase Activity.
Zalewski, J.K., Mo, J.H., Heber, S., Heroux, A., Gardner, R.G., Hildebrand, J.D., VanDemark, A.P.(2016) J Biol Chem 291: 25364-25374
- PubMed: 27758857
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M116.738559
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
5F4Y, 5F5P - PubMed Abstract:
Shroom-mediated remodeling of the actomyosin cytoskeleton is a critical driver of cellular shape and tissue morphology that underlies the development of many tissues including the neural tube, eye, intestines, and vasculature. Shroom uses a conserved SD2 domain to direct the subcellular localization of Rho-associated kinase (Rock), which in turn drives changes in the cytoskeleton and cellular morphology through its ability to phosphorylate and activate non-muscle myosin II. Here, we present the structure of the human Shroom-Rock binding module, revealing an unexpected stoichiometry for Shroom in which two Shroom SD2 domains bind independent surfaces on Rock. Mutation of interfacial residues impaired Shroom-Rock binding in vitro and resulted in altered remodeling of the cytoskeleton and loss of Shroom-mediated changes in cellular morphology. Additionally, we provide the first direct evidence that Shroom can function as a Rock activator. These data provide molecular insight into the Shroom-Rock interface and demonstrate that Shroom directly participates in regulating cytoskeletal dynamics, adding to its known role in Rock localization.
Organizational Affiliation:
From the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260.
