4KUM

Structure of LSD1-CoREST-Tetrahydrofolate complex


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 3.05 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.217 
  • R-Value Work: 0.196 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.197 

Starting Model: experimental
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This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Crystal structure of the histone lysine specific demethylase LSD1 complexed with tetrahydrofolate.

Luka, Z.Pakhomova, S.Loukachevitch, L.V.Calcutt, M.W.Newcomer, M.E.Wagner, C.

(2014) Protein Sci 23: 993-998

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pro.2469
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    4KUM

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    An important epigenetic modification is the methylation/demethylation of histone lysine residues. The first histone demethylase to be discovered was a lysine-specific demethylase 1, LSD1, a flavin containing enzyme which carries out the demethylation of di- and monomethyllysine 4 in histone H3. The removed methyl groups are oxidized to formaldehyde. This reaction is similar to those performed by dimethylglycine dehydrogenase and sarcosine dehydrogenase, in which protein-bound tetrahydrofolate (THF) was proposed to serve as an acceptor of the generated formaldehyde. We showed earlier that LSD1 binds THF with high affinity which suggests its possible participation in the histone demethylation reaction. In the cell, LSD1 interacts with co-repressor for repressor element 1 silencing transcription factor (CoREST). In order to elucidate the role of folate in the demethylating reaction we solved the crystal structure of the LSD1-CoREST-THF complex. In the complex, the folate-binding site is located in the active center in close proximity to flavin adenine dinucleotide. This position of the folate suggests that the bound THF accepts the formaldehyde generated in the course of histone demethylation to form 5,10-methylene-THF. We also show the formation of 5,10-methylene-THF during the course of the enzymatic reaction in the presence of THF by mass spectrometry. Production of this form of folate could act to prevent accumulation of potentially toxic formaldehyde in the cell. These studies suggest that folate may play a role in the epigenetic control of gene expression in addition to its traditional role in the transfer of one-carbon units in metabolism.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, 37232.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A666Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: AOF2KDM1KDM1AKIAA0601LSD1
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for O60341 (Homo sapiens)
Explore O60341 
Go to UniProtKB:  O60341
PHAROS:  O60341
GTEx:  ENSG00000004487 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupO60341
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
REST corepressor 1235Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: RCOR1hCG_24743
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for Q9UKL0 (Homo sapiens)
Explore Q9UKL0 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q9UKL0
PHAROS:  Q9UKL0
GTEx:  ENSG00000089902 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ9UKL0
Sequence Annotations
Expand
  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 3.05 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.217 
  • R-Value Work: 0.196 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.197 
  • Space Group: I 2 2 2
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 123.864α = 90
b = 179.371β = 90
c = 235.054γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
HKL-2000data collection
MOLREPphasing
REFMACrefinement
HKL-2000data reduction
HKL-2000data scaling

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2014-05-07
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2014-07-02
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2023-09-20
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Refinement description