4BWZ

Crystal structure of the sodium proton antiporter, NapA


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.98 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.248 
  • R-Value Work: 0.222 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.224 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.4 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

A two-domain elevator mechanism for sodium/proton antiport.

Lee, C.Kang, H.J.von Ballmoos, C.Newstead, S.Uzdavinys, P.Dotson, D.L.Iwata, S.Beckstein, O.Cameron, A.D.Drew, D.

(2013) Nature 501: 573-577

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12484
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    4BWZ

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Sodium/proton (Na(+)/H(+)) antiporters, located at the plasma membrane in every cell, are vital for cell homeostasis. In humans, their dysfunction has been linked to diseases, such as hypertension, heart failure and epilepsy, and they are well-established drug targets. The best understood model system for Na(+)/H(+) antiport is NhaA from Escherichia coli, for which both electron microscopy and crystal structures are available. NhaA is made up of two distinct domains: a core domain and a dimerization domain. In the NhaA crystal structure a cavity is located between the two domains, providing access to the ion-binding site from the inward-facing surface of the protein. Like many Na(+)/H(+) antiporters, the activity of NhaA is regulated by pH, only becoming active above pH 6.5, at which point a conformational change is thought to occur. The only reported NhaA crystal structure so far is of the low pH inactivated form. Here we describe the active-state structure of a Na(+)/H(+) antiporter, NapA from Thermus thermophilus, at 3 Å resolution, solved from crystals grown at pH 7.8. In the NapA structure, the core and dimerization domains are in different positions to those seen in NhaA, and a negatively charged cavity has now opened to the outside. The extracellular cavity allows access to a strictly conserved aspartate residue thought to coordinate ion binding directly, a role supported here by molecular dynamics simulations. To alternate access to this ion-binding site, however, requires a surprisingly large rotation of the core domain, some 20° against the dimerization interface. We conclude that despite their fast transport rates of up to 1,500 ions per second, Na(+)/H(+) antiporters operate by a two-domain rocking bundle model, revealing themes relevant to secondary-active transporters in general.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Division of Molecular Biosciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
NA(+)/H(+) ANTIPORTER394Thermus thermophilusMutation(s): 3 
Membrane Entity: Yes 
UniProt
Find proteins for Q72IM4 (Thermus thermophilus (strain ATCC BAA-163 / DSM 7039 / HB27))
Explore Q72IM4 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q72IM4
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ72IM4
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.98 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.248 
  • R-Value Work: 0.222 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.224 
  • Space Group: C 2 2 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 73.75α = 90
b = 82.15β = 90
c = 191.81γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
PHENIXrefinement
XDSdata reduction
XSCALEdata scaling
SHARPphasing

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2013-08-28
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2013-09-18
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2013-10-02
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.3: 2018-01-17
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.4: 2024-05-08
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Other