3C8R

Contributions of all 20 amino acids at site 96 to stability and structure of T4 lysozyme


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.80 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.172 
  • R-Value Work: 0.172 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.172 

Starting Model: experimental
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Literature

Contributions of all 20 amino acids at site 96 to the stability and structure of T4 lysozyme.

Mooers, B.H.Baase, W.A.Wray, J.W.Matthews, B.W.

(2009) Protein Sci 18: 871-880

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pro.94
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    3C7W, 3C7Y, 3C7Z, 3C80, 3C81, 3C82, 3C83, 3C8Q, 3C8R, 3C8S, 3CDO, 3CDQ, 3CDR, 3CDT, 3CDV, 3FI5

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    To try to resolve the loss of stability in the temperature-sensitive mutant of T4 lysozyme, Arg 96 --> His, all of the remaining 18 naturally occurring amino acids were substituted at site 96. Also, in response to suggestions that the charged residues Lys85 and Asp89, which are 5-8 A away, may have important effects, each of these amino acids was replaced with alanine. Crystal structures were determined for many of the variants. With the exception of the tryptophan and valine mutants R96W and R96V, the crystallographic analysis shows that the substituted side chain following the path of Arg96 in wildtype (WT). The melting temperatures of the variants decrease by up to approximately 16 degrees C with WT being most stable. There are two site 96 replacements, with lysine or glutamine, that leave the stability close to that of WT. The only element that the side chains of these residues have in common with the WT arginine is the set of three carbon atoms at the C(alpha), C(beta), and C(gamma) positions. Although each side chain is long and flexible with a polar group at the distal position, the details of the hydrogen bonding to the rest of the protein differ in each case. Also, the glutamine replacement lacks a positive charge. This shows that there is some adaptability in achieving full stabilization at this site. At the other extreme, to be maximally destabilizing a mutation at site 96 must not only eliminate favorable interactions but also introduce an unfavorable element such as steric strain or a hydrogen-bonding group that remains unsatisfied. Overall, the study highlights the essential need for atomic resolution site-specific structural information to understand and to predict the stability of mutant proteins. It can be very misleading to simply assume that conservative amino acid substitutions cause small changes in stability, whereas large stability changes are associated with nonconservative replacements.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Institute of Molecular Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1229, USA.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Lysozyme164N/AMutation(s): 1 
Gene Names: E
EC: 3.2.1.17
UniProt
Find proteins for P00720 (Enterobacteria phage T4)
Explore P00720 
Go to UniProtKB:  P00720
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP00720
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.80 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.172 
  • R-Value Work: 0.172 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.172 
  • Space Group: P 32 2 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 61.09α = 90
b = 61.09β = 90
c = 97.84γ = 120
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
TNTrefinement
MOSFLMdata reduction
SCALAdata scaling
TNTphasing

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

  • Released Date: 2009-02-17 
  • Deposition Author(s): Mooers, B.H.M.
  • This entry supersedes: 2NZK

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2009-02-17
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2021-10-20
    Changes: Database references, Derived calculations
  • Version 1.3: 2023-08-30
    Changes: Data collection, Refinement description