1JX0

Chalcone Isomerase--Y106F mutant


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.85 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.299 
  • R-Value Work: 0.274 

Starting Model: experimental
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This is version 1.5 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Role of Hydrogen Bonds in the Reaction Mechanism of Chalcone Isomerase

Jez, J.M.Bowman, M.E.Noel, J.P.

(2002) Biochemistry 41: 5168-5176

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/bi0255266
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    1JX0, 1JX1

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    In flavonoid, isoflavonoid, and anthocyanin biosynthesis, chalcone isomerase (CHI) catalyzes the intramolecular cyclization of chalcones into (S)-flavanones with a second-order rate constant that approaches the diffusion-controlled limit. The three-dimensional structures of alfalfa CHI complexed with different flavanones indicate that two sets of hydrogen bonds may possess critical roles in catalysis. The first set of interactions includes two conserved amino acids (Thr48 and Tyr106) that mediate a hydrogen bond network with two active site water molecules. The second set of hydrogen bonds occurs between the flavanone 7-hydroxyl group and two active site residues (Asn113 and Thr190). Comparison of the steady-state kinetic parameters of wild-type and mutant CHIs demonstrates that efficient cyclization of various chalcones into their respective flavanones requires both sets of contacts. For example, the T48A, T48S, Y106F, N113A, and T190A mutants exhibit 1550-, 3-, 30-, 7-, and 6-fold reductions in k(cat) and 2-3-fold changes in K(m) with 4,2',4'-trihydroxychalcone as a substrate. Kinetic comparisons of the pH-dependence of the reactions catalyzed by wild-type and mutant enzymes indicate that the active site hydrogen bonds contributed by these four residues do not significantly alter the pK(a) of the intramolecular cyclization reaction. Determinations of solvent kinetic isotope and solvent viscosity effects for wild-type and mutant enzymes reveal a change from a diffusion-controlled reaction to one limited by chemistry in the T48A and Y106F mutants. The X-ray crystal structures of the T48A and Y106F mutants support the assertion that the observed kinetic effects result from the loss of key hydrogen bonds at the CHI active site. Our results are consistent with a reaction mechanism for CHI in which Thr48 polarizes the ketone of the substrate and Tyr106 stabilizes a key catalytic water molecule. Hydrogen bonds contributed by Asn113 and Thr190 provide additional stabilization in the transition state. Conservation of these residues in CHIs from other plant species implies a common reaction mechanism for enzyme-catalyzed flavanone formation in all plants.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Structural Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.


Macromolecules
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Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
CHALCONE--FLAVONONE ISOMERASE 1
A, B
222Medicago sativaMutation(s): 1 
EC: 5.5.1.6
UniProt
Find proteins for P28012 (Medicago sativa)
Explore P28012 
Go to UniProtKB:  P28012
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP28012
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.85 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.299 
  • R-Value Work: 0.274 
  • Space Group: P 65 2 2
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 89.56α = 90
b = 89.56β = 90
c = 351.66γ = 120
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
CNSrefinement
DENZOdata reduction
SCALEPACKdata scaling
CNSphasing

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2002-07-24
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2008-04-27
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.3: 2021-10-27
    Changes: Database references, Derived calculations
  • Version 1.4: 2024-02-07
    Changes: Data collection
  • Version 1.5: 2024-04-03
    Changes: Refinement description