Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.[L12207,A176173] Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels.[A176173] Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.[A36559] Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972,[A36552] and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.[L12207]
Synonyms
1,1-Dimethylbiguanide
Metformin hydrochloride
Metformine
Dimethylbiguanid
Metforminum
Metformin
Metformina
Brand Names
Vipdomet
Saxagliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Glipizide and Metformin HCl
Jamp-metformin Blackberry
Trijardy XR
Metfomin Hydrochloride
Synjardy
Xigduo XR
Ag-metformin
Actoplus Met XR
Metformin ER 500 mg
Med Metformin Tablets 500mg
Gpc-metformin XR
GLIPIZIDE and METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE
Zomarist
Icandra
Apo-sitagliptin-metformin
Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Glumetza
Invokamet XR
Sitagliptin Metformin Hydrochloride Mylan
Vokanamet
Metformin Hydrochloride Oral Solution
Ava-metformin
Apo-metformin
Kombiglyze XR
Ebymect
Dom-metformin
Pioglitazone and metformin
Ristfor
Sitagliptin - Metformin
Rhoxal-metformin
Pioglitazone and Metformin Hydrocholride
Riomet ER
Compresso MF 95P
Metformin hydrochloride ER
Jentadueto
Metformin
Segluromet
Mint-metformin
Dm2
Orb-metformin
Xigduo
Metformin Hydrochloride
Glipizide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Metformin Hcl
Sandoz Sitagliptin-metformin
Metformin Fc
Riomet
Appformin-D
Teva-metformin
Metformin-Hcl
Q-metformin
Auro-dapagliflozin / Metformin
Glyburide (micronized) and Metformin Hydrochloride
Metformin Tablets
Sitagliptin-metformin
Glyburide-metformin Hydrochloride
Sandoz Sitagliptin-metformin XR
Dapagliflozin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Glucophage
Sitagliptin/metfo Rmin Hydrochloride Mylan
Metformin HCl ER
Acc-metformin
Sitagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Sun
Metformin Hydrochloride E/r
Sandoz Metformin XR
Mylan-metformin
Glyburide Micronized and Metformin Hydrochloride
Appformin
Sitagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Accord
Avandamet
Apo-sitagliptin/metformin XR
Glipizide and metformin hcl
Glyburide-Metformin Hydrochloride
Ach-metformin
PMS-metformin
Repaglinide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Efficib
Prz-metformin
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended-Release
Qternmet XR
Glycon
Actoplus Met
Metformin-850
Pmsc-metformin
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended-Release 500mg
Glubrava
Ipg-metformin
Pioglitazone Hydrochloride and Metformin Hydrochloride
Fortamet
Metformin Tablets 500mg
Janumet XR
Ntp-metformin
Metformin hydrochloride
Saxagliptin and Metformin
Septa-metformin
Pg-metformin
Metformin Hydrochloride ER
Metformin ER 750 mg
Metformin HCl
Riva-metformin
Competact
Ecl-metformin
Kazano
Metformin-500 - Tab 500mg
Glucovance
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended Release
Alogliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Glyburide and Metformin
PMS-rosiglitazone-metformin
Pioglitazole and metformin hydrochloride
Priva-metformin
Pioglitazone HCL and Metformin HCL
Prandimet
Vildagliptin/metfo Rmin Hydrochloride Accord
Nra-metformin
Bio-metformin
Bci Metformin
Glumetza (sb)
Pioglitazone and Metformin Hydrochloride
Van-metformin
Velmetia
Apo-dapagliflozin-metformin
Ran-metformin
Ratio-metformin
GlipiZIDE and Metformin Hydrochloride
PHL-metformin
Jentadueto XR
PMS-sitagliptin-metformin
Metformin Hydrochoride
Vildagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Accord
Sitagliptin/metfor Min Hydrochloride Mylan
Apo-metformin ER
PMS-metformin - Tab 500mg
Reddy-sitagliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Komboglyze
Metaglip
Jamp Metformin
Eucreas
Sandoz Metformin Fc
Sitagliptin Phosphate/Metformin Hydrochloride
Synjardy XR
Pro-metformin
Janumet
Mar-metformin
METFORMIN Hydrochloride
Glucophage XR
Auro-metformin
Invokamet
Indication
**Metformin immediate-release formulations** Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.[L40243] **Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)** The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.[L12207] **Metformin combination products** Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors ([sitagliptin], [linagliptin], [alogliptin], or [saxagliptin]),[L11479,L40248,L40253,L40258,L40263] in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors ([canagliflozin], [empagliflozin], [ertugliflozin], or [dapagliflozin]),[L11479,L30503,L1134,L13679,L38729] or in combination with [pioglitazone].[L11419]
Categories
Alimentary Tract and Metabolism
Amidines
Biguanides
Blood Glucose Lowering Agents
Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
Drugs Used in Diabetes
Guanidines
MATE 1 Substrates
MATE 2 Substrates
MATE substrates
OCT1 substrates
OCT2 Inhibitors
OCT2 Substrates
Oral Hypoglycemics
ATC-Code
A10BD23
A10BD02
A10BD18
A10BD11
A10BD25
A10BA02
A10BD22
A10BD14
A10BD16
A10BD17
A10BD05
A10BD15
A10BD07
A10BD10
A10BD13
A10BD26
A10BD20
A10BD08
A10BD27
A10BD03
CAS number
657-24-9
Drug Targets
Name
Target Sequence
Pharmacological Action
Actions
Electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrial
Drug Info/Drug Targets: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Knox C, Law V, Jewison
T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan; 39 (Database issue):D1035-41. | PMID:21059682