Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.[L12207,A176173] Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels.[A176173] Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.[A36559] Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972,[A36552] and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.[L12207]
Synonyms
Metformine
Metformin
Dimethylbiguanid
Metformin hydrochloride
Metformina
Metforminum
1,1-Dimethylbiguanide
Brand Names
Metformin hydrochloride
Metformin hydrochloride ER
Metformin Hydrochloride Oral Solution
Janumet XR
Synjardy XR
Apo-metformin ER
Glyburide-metformin Hydrochloride
Zomarist
Sandoz Sitagliptin-metformin
Synjardy
Actoplus Met XR
Acc-metformin
Icandra
Apo-dapagliflozin-metformin
Ratio-metformin
Metfomin Hydrochloride
Sitagliptin/metfor Min Hydrochloride Mylan
Metformin Hydrochloride
Metformin
Glyburide (micronized) and Metformin Hydrochloride
Sitagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Accord
Ach-metformin
Glipizide and Metformin HCl
Priva-metformin
Glyburide-Metformin Hydrochloride
Auro-dapagliflozin / Metformin
Dom-metformin
Saxagliptin and Metformin
Pro-metformin
Metformin HCl ER
Sitagliptin-metformin
Glipizide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Sandoz Sitagliptin-metformin XR
Sandoz Metformin Fc
Ntp-metformin
Sitagliptin Metformin Hydrochloride Mylan
Sitagliptin/metfo Rmin Hydrochloride Mylan
Van-metformin
Glycon
Sitagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Sun
Med Metformin Tablets 500mg
PHL-metformin
Riomet ER
Rhoxal-metformin
Nra-metformin
Septa-metformin
Appformin-D
Metformin HCl
Pioglitazone and Metformin Hydrochloride
PMS-rosiglitazone-metformin
Metformin Hydrochloride E/r
Sitagliptin Phosphate/Metformin Hydrochloride
Glucophage XR
Metaglip
Auro-metformin
Actoplus Met
Glumetza (sb)
Dm2
Pioglitazone and metformin
Jamp-metformin Blackberry
Metformin Hydrochoride
Metformin Hcl
Ecl-metformin
Efficib
Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Avandamet
Metformin-Hcl
Mint-metformin
Metformin-850
Apo-sitagliptin-metformin
Janumet
Competact
Sitagliptin - Metformin
Pg-metformin
Glyburide and Metformin
Gpc-metformin XR
Fortamet
Mylan-metformin
Pioglitazone and Metformin Hydrocholride
Alogliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended Release
Metformin Fc
Ran-metformin
Bci Metformin
PMS-metformin
Invokamet
Metformin ER 500 mg
Vipdomet
Qternmet XR
Jamp Metformin
Repaglinide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Trijardy XR
Pioglitazone Hydrochloride and Metformin Hydrochloride
Metformin-500 - Tab 500mg
Dapagliflozin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Glipizide and metformin hcl
PMS-metformin - Tab 500mg
Invokamet XR
Ag-metformin
Ebymect
Appformin
Prandimet
Vildagliptin/metfo Rmin Hydrochloride Accord
Metformin Hydrochloride ER
Metformin Tablets 500mg
Velmetia
Glucophage
Bio-metformin
Prz-metformin
Segluromet
Apo-metformin
Vokanamet
Glubrava
Vildagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Accord
Riva-metformin
Saxagliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Pmsc-metformin
Orb-metformin
GlipiZIDE and Metformin Hydrochloride
Riomet
Pioglitazole and metformin hydrochloride
Ava-metformin
Jentadueto XR
Jentadueto
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended-Release
Eucreas
Glucovance
Mar-metformin
Komboglyze
PMS-sitagliptin-metformin
Sandoz Metformin XR
Glumetza
Glyburide Micronized and Metformin Hydrochloride
Ristfor
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended-Release 500mg
Q-metformin
Kazano
Ipg-metformin
METFORMIN Hydrochloride
Pioglitazone HCL and Metformin HCL
Metformin ER 750 mg
Reddy-sitagliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Kombiglyze XR
GLIPIZIDE and METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE
Metformin Tablets
Xigduo
Apo-sitagliptin/metformin XR
Compresso MF 95P
Xigduo XR
Teva-metformin
Indication
**Metformin immediate-release formulations** Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.[L40243] **Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)** The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.[L12207] **Metformin combination products** Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors ([sitagliptin], [linagliptin], [alogliptin], or [saxagliptin]),[L11479,L40248,L40253,L40258,L40263] in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors ([canagliflozin], [empagliflozin], [ertugliflozin], or [dapagliflozin]),[L11479,L30503,L1134,L13679,L38729] or in combination with [pioglitazone].[L11419]
Categories
Alimentary Tract and Metabolism
Amidines
Biguanides
Blood Glucose Lowering Agents
Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
Drugs Used in Diabetes
Guanidines
MATE 1 Substrates
MATE 2 Substrates
MATE substrates
OCT1 substrates
OCT2 Inhibitors
OCT2 Substrates
Oral Hypoglycemics
ATC-Code
A10BD23
A10BD02
A10BD18
A10BD11
A10BD25
A10BA02
A10BD22
A10BD14
A10BD16
A10BD17
A10BD05
A10BD15
A10BD07
A10BD10
A10BD13
A10BD26
A10BD20
A10BD08
A10BD27
A10BD03
CAS number
657-24-9
Drug Targets
Name
Target Sequence
Pharmacological Action
Actions
Electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrial
Drug Info/Drug Targets: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Knox C, Law V, Jewison
T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan; 39 (Database issue):D1035-41. | PMID:21059682