Fosfomycin was discovered in 1969 by scientists at the Spanish Penicillin and Antibiotics Company and is produced by _Streptomyces fradiae_.[A229338,A230348] It may also be produced synthetically and is commercially available as the disodium salt for intravenous administration and as the calcium or trometamol salt for oral administration.[A230348] In terms of chemical structure, fosfomycin is a phosphoenolpyruvate analog and contains a phosphonic group and an epoxide ring.[A230348] Due to its ease of administration as a single 3-gram oral dose and desirable safety profile, fosfomycin has largely become a first-line therapeutic option for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in females.[A230378] Despite being FDA approved only for urinary tract infections, fosfomycin actually has a broad spectrum of activity and is active against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.[A230348] As such there is great interest in exploring the usefulness of fosfomycin for indications beyond the treatment of UTIs.[A230353,A230358]
Synonyms
Phosphonomycin
Fosfomycin calcium monohydrate
Fosfomycinum
Fosfomycine
Phosphomycin
Fosfomicina
Fosfocina
cis-(1R,2S)-epoxypropylphosphonic acid
Fosfomycin sodium
Fosfomycin
Fosfomycin tromethamine
(-)-(1R,2S)-(1,2-Epoxypropyl)phosphonic acid
Phosphonemycin
(2R-cis)-(3-Methyloxiranyl)phosphonic acid
L-cis-1,2-epoxypropylphosphonic acid
(1R,2S)-epoxypropylphosphonic acid
FCM
1R-cis-(1,2-epoxypropyl)phosphonic acid
Brand Names
Jamp-fosfomycin
Fosfomycin Tromethamine
Fosfomycin Powder for Oral Solution
Ivozfo
Monurol
Indication
Fosfomycin is indicated for the treatment of uncomplicated cases of cystitis caused by susceptible strains of _Escherichia coli_ and _Enterococcus faecalis_.[L31818] Fosfomycin is not officially indicated for the treatment of pyelonephritis or perinephric abscess, although there have been reported cases of off-label usage in these situations.[L31818]
Drug Info/Drug Targets: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Knox C, Law V, Jewison
T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan; 39 (Database issue):D1035-41. | PMID:21059682
