DAH

3,4-DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE

Created:	1999-07-08
Last modified:	2025-09-09

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7 entries where DAH is found as a standalone ligand24 entries where DAH is found in a polymer sequence

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Chemical Details
Formal Charge	0
Atom Count	25
Chiral Atom Count	1
Bond Count	25
Aromatic Bond Count	6

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Chemical Component Summary
Name	3,4-DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE
Synonyms	L-DOPA
Systematic Name (OpenEye OEToolkits)	(2~{S})-2-azanyl-3-[3,4-bis(oxidanyl)phenyl]propanoic acid
Formula	C₉ H₁₁ N O₄
Molecular Weight	197.188
Type	L-PEPTIDE LINKING

Chemical Descriptors
Type	Program	Version	Descriptor
SMILES	ACDLabs	14.52	Oc1ccc(CC(N)C(=O)O)cc1O
SMILES	CACTVS	3.385	N[CH](Cc1ccc(O)c(O)c1)C(O)=O
SMILES	OpenEye OEToolkits	3.1.0.0	c1cc(c(cc1CC(C(=O)O)N)O)O
Canonical SMILES	CACTVS	3.385	N[C@@H](Cc1ccc(O)c(O)c1)C(O)=O
Canonical SMILES	OpenEye OEToolkits	3.1.0.0	c1cc(c(cc1C[C@@H](C(=O)O)N)O)O
InChI	InChI	1.06	InChI=1S/C9H11NO4/c10-6(9(13)14)3-5-1-2-7(11)8(12)4-5/h1-2,4,6,11-12H,3,10H2,(H,13,14)/t6-/m0/s1
InChIKey	InChI	1.06	WTDRDQBEARUVNC-LURJTMIESA-N

Drug Info: DrugBank

DrugBank data are sourced from datasets licensed under a Creative Common's Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License

DrugBank ID	DB01235
Name	Levodopa
Groups	investigational approved
Description	Levodopa is a prodrug of dopamine that is administered to patients with Parkinson's due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier[Label]. Levodopa can be metabolised to dopamine on either side of the blood-brain barrier and so it is generally administered with a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor like carbidopa to prevent metabolism until after it has crossed the blood-brain barrier[Label,A177781]. Once past the blood-brain barrier, levodopa is metabolized to dopamine and supplements the low endogenous levels of dopamine to treat symptoms of Parkinson's[Label]. The first developed drug product that was approved by the FDA was a levodopa and carbidopa combined product called Sinemet that was approved on May 2, 1975[A177781,L6133].
Synonyms	β-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine 3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine Levo-dopa Levodopa L-DOPA L-beta-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)alanine (−)-dopa β-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)alanine L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (−)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-L-alanine Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine LDOPA 3-Hydroxy-L-tyrosine Levodopum
Brand Names	Aa-levocarb CR Prolopa Cap 100-25 Jamp Levocarb Carbidopa, Levodopa, and Entacapone Mint-levocarb Numient Carbidopa, Levodopa and Entacapone Ag-levocarb Auro-levocarb Sinemet Dhivy Levodopa/carbidopa/entacapone Orion Sinemet 100/10 Parcopa Duopa Apo-levocarb Prolopa Cap 200-50 Teva-levocarbidopa Carbidopa and Levodopa Prolopa Cap 50-12.5 Inbrija Sinemet CR 200/50 Rytary Pro-lecarb-100/10 - Tab PMS-levodopa-carbidopa Carbidopa, levodopa and entacapone Sinemet CR 100/25 Stalevo Ratio-levodopa/carbidopa Carbidopa-levodopa Pro-levocarb - 100/25 Dom-levo-carbidopa Levodopa, Carbidopa and Entacapone Tablets Sinemet CR Pro-lecarb-100/25 - Tab Corbilta Sandoz Levodopa-carbidopa-entacapone Levodopa-carbidopa Carbidopa and levodopa Crexont Duodopa Levodopa-carbidopa CR
Indication	Levodopa on its own is formulated as an oral inhalation powder indicated for intermittent treatment of off episodes in Parkinson's patients who are already being treated with carbidopa and levodopa[FDA Label]. Levodopa is most commonly formulated as an oral tablet with a peripheral dopa decarboxylase inhibitor indicated for treatment of Parkinson's disease, post-encephalitic parkinsonism, and symptomatic parkinsonism following carbon monoxide intoxication or manganese intoxication[F4579].
Categories	Amines Amino Acids Amino Acids, Aromatic Amino Acids, Cyclic Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins Anti-Dyskinesia Agents Anti-Parkinson Agents (Dopamine Agonist) Anti-Parkinson Drugs Benzene Derivatives Biogenic Amines Biogenic Monoamines Catecholamines Catechols Central Nervous System Agents Central Nervous System Depressants Dihydroxyphenylalanine Dopa and Dopa Derivatives Dopamine Agents Hypotensive Agents Levodopa, antagonists & inhibitors Nervous System Neurotransmitter Agents Phenols Serotonergic Drugs Shown to Increase Risk of Serotonin Syndrome
ATC-Code	N04BA03 N04BA01 N04BA02
CAS number	59-92-7

Drug Targets

DrugBank data are sourced from datasets licensed under a Creative Common's Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License

Name	Target Sequence	Pharmacological Action	Actions
D(1A) dopamine receptor	MRTLNTSAMDGTGLVVERDFSVRILTACFLSLLILSTLLGNTLVCAAVIR...	unknown	agonist
D(1B) dopamine receptor	MLPPGSNGTAYPGQFALYQQLAQGNAVGGSAGAPPLGPSQVVTACLLTLL...	unknown	agonist
D(2) dopamine receptor	MDPLNLSWYDDDLERQNWSRPFNGSDGKADRPHYNYYATLLTLLIAVIVF...	unknown	agonist
D(3) dopamine receptor	MASLSQLSGHLNYTCGAENSTGASQARPHAYYALSYCALILAIVFGNGLV...	unknown	agonist
D(4) dopamine receptor	MGNRSTADADGLLAGRGPAAGASAGASAGLAGQGAAALVGGVLLIGAVLA...	unknown	agonist
Aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase	MNASEFRRRGKEMVDYMANYMEGIEGRQVYPDVEPGYLRPLIPAAAPQEP...	unknown	substrate
Albumin	MKWVTFISLLFLFSSAYSRGVFRRDAHKSEVAHRFKDLGEENFKALVLIA...	unknown	binder
Solute carrier family 15 member 1	MGMSKSHSFFGYPLSIFFIVVNEFCERFSYYGMRAILILYFTNFISWDDN...	unknown	inhibitor
Monocarboxylate transporter 10	MVLSQEEPDSARGTSEAQPLGPAPTGAAPPPGPGPSDSPEAAVEKVEVEL...	unknown	inhibitor
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1	MAGAGPKRRALAAPAAEEKEEAREKMLAAKSADGSAPAGEGEGVTLQRNI...	unknown
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 2	MEEGARHRNNTEKKHPGGGESDASPEAGSGGGGVALKKEIGLVSACGIIV...	unknown
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Drug Info/Drug Targets: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Knox C, Law V, Jewison T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan; 39 (Database issue):D1035-41. | PMID:21059682