AKN

(2S)-N-[(1R,2S,3S,4R,5S)-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(aminomethyl)-3,4,5-tris(oxidanyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-azanyl-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S ,6R)-4-azanyl-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-bis(oxidanyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-oxidanyl-cyclohexyl]-4-azanyl-2-oxidanyl-butanamide


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Chemical Component Summary

Name(2S)-N-[(1R,2S,3S,4R,5S)-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(aminomethyl)-3,4,5-tris(oxidanyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-azanyl-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S ,6R)-4-azanyl-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-bis(oxidanyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-oxidanyl-cyclohexyl]-4-azanyl-2-oxidanyl-butanamide
SynonymsAMIKACIN
Identifiers(2S)-N-[(1R,2S,3S,4R,5S)-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(aminomethyl)-3,4,5-tris(oxidanyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5-azanyl-2-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4-azanyl-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-bis(oxidanyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-oxidanyl-cyclohexyl]-4-azanyl-2-oxidanyl-butanamide
FormulaC22 H43 N5 O13
Molecular Weight585.603
TypeNON-POLYMER
Isomeric SMILESC1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]1NC(=O)[C@H](CCN)O)O[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)N)O)O)O[C@@H]3[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)CN)O)O)O)N
InChIInChI=1S/C22H43N5O13/c23-2-1-8(29)20(36)27-7-3-6(25)18(39-22-16(34)15(33)13(31)9(4-24)37-22)17(35)19(7)40-21-14(32)11(26)12(30)10(5-28)38-21/h6-19,21-22,28-35H,1-5,23-26H2,(H,27,36)/t6-,7+,8-,9+,10+,11-,12+,13+,14+,15-,16+,17-,18+,19-,21+,22+/m0/s1
InChIKeyLKCWBDHBTVXHDL-RMDFUYIESA-N

Chemical Details

Formal Charge0
Atom Count83
Chiral Atom Count16
Bond Count85
Aromatic Bond Count0

Drug Info: DrugBank

DrugBank IDDB00479 
NameAmikacin
Groups
  • approved
  • investigational
  • vet_approved
DescriptionAmikacin is a semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic that is derived from kanamycin A.[FDA label] Amikacin is synthesized by acylation with the l-(-)-γ-amino-α-hydroxybutyryl side chain at the C-1 amino group of the deoxystreptamine moiety of kanamycin A.[A39531] Amikacin's unique property is that it exerts activity against more resistant gram-negative bacilli such as Acinetobacter baumanii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Amikacin also exerts excellent activity against most aerobic gram-negative bacilli from the Enterobacteriaceae family, including Nocardia and some Mycobacterium (M. avium-intracellulare, M. chelonae, and M. fortuitum)[L4680]. M. avium-intracellulare (MAC) is a type of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) found in water and soil. Symptoms of this disease include a persistent cough, fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, and shortness of breath and the coughing up of blood.[L4680] Several forms of amikacin are used currently, including an intravenous (IV) or intramuscular (IM) injection.[F1949] In September 2018, a liposomal inhalation suspension of this drug was approved by the FDA for the treatment of lung disease caused by Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) bacteria in a small population of patients with the disease who do not respond to traditional treatment.[L4680,L4681]
Synonyms
  • 1-N-(L(−)-γ-amino-α-hydroxybutyryl)kanamycin A
  • encochleated amikacin
  • Amikacina
  • Amikacinum
  • Amikacin
Brand Names
  • AMIKACIN Sulfate
  • Vpi-amikacin
  • Arikayce
  • Amikacin Sulfate
  • Amikin
IndicationThe amikacin sulfate injection is indicated in the short-term treatment of serious bacterial infections due to susceptible strains of gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas species, Escherichia coli, species of indole-positive and indole-negative Proteus, Providencia species, Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Serratia species, as well as Acinetobacter (Mima-Herellea) species.[F1954] Clinical studies have shown amikacin sulfate injection to be effective in bacterial septicemia (including neonatal sepsis); in serious infections of the respiratory tract, bones and joints, central nervous system (including meningitis) and skin and soft tissue; intra-abdominal infections (including peritonitis); and in burns and postoperative infections (including post-vascular surgery).[F1954] Clinical studies have shown amikacin also to be effective in serious, complicated, and recurrent urinary tract infections due to the above organisms. Aminoglycosides, including amikacin, are not indicated in uncomplicated first-time episodes of urinary tract infections unless the causative organisms are not susceptible to antibiotics which are less toxic.[F1954] In September 2018, a new indication with a new dosage route was approved for this drug. Amikacin liposome inhalation suspension was approved for the treatment of lung disease caused by a group of bacteria, Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) in a limited population of patients with the disease who do not respond to conventional treatment (refractory disease).[L4673] This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on achieving sputum culture conversion (defined as 3 consecutive negative monthly sputum cultures) by Month 6 of treatment. Clinical benefit has not yet been established.[Label] **Important notes regarding Staphylococcus and Sensitivity testing:** Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains, is the principal Gram-positive organism sensitive to amikacin. The use of amikacin in the treatment of staphylococcal infections should be restricted only to second-line therapy, and should be limited to only those patients suffering from severe infections caused by susceptible strains of staphylococcus species who have failed to show sensitivity to other available antibiotics.[F1949] Bacteriologic studies should be performed to identify causative organisms and their susceptibilities to amikacin. Amikacin may be used as initial therapy in suspected gram-negative infections and therapy may be initiated before obtaining the results of susceptibility testing.[Label,F1949,F1954]
Categories
  • Aminoglycoside Antibacterials
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Antibacterials for Systemic Use
  • Antiinfectives for Systemic Use
ATC-Code
  • S01AA21
  • D06AX12
  • J01GB06
  • J01RA06
CAS number37517-28-5

Drug Targets

NameTarget SequencePharmacological ActionActions
30S ribosomal protein S12MATVNQLVRKPRARKVAKSNVPALEACPQKRGVCTRVYTTTPKKPNSALR...unknowninhibitor
Drug Info/Drug Targets: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Knox C, Law V, Jewison T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan; 39 (Database issue):D1035-41. | PMID:21059682

Related Resource References

Resource NameReference
PubChem 37768
ChEMBL CHEMBL177
ChEBI CHEBI:2637