8YW5

Cryo-EM structure of the retatrutide-bound human GCGR-Gs complex

External Resource: Annotation

Gene Ontology: Gene Product Annotation
InterPro: Protein Family Classification
Pharos: Disease Associations

Gene Ontology: Gene Product Annotation Gene Ontology Database Homepage

Chains	Polymer	Molecular Function	Biological Process	Cellular Component
A [auth P]	Retatrutide	-	-	-
B [auth R]	Glucagon receptor	glucagon receptor activity peptide receptor activity molecular transducer activity G protein-coupled receptor activity G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity transmembrane signaling receptor activity signaling receptor activity amide binding binding peptide hormone binding hormone binding GTPase regulator activity enzyme regulator activity guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity glucagon receptor activity peptide receptor activity molecular transducer activity G protein-coupled receptor activity G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity transmembrane signaling receptor activity signaling receptor activity amide binding binding peptide hormone binding hormone binding GTPase regulator activity enzyme regulator activity guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity nucleoside-triphosphatase regulator activity molecular function regulator activity	multicellular organismal process system process circulatory system process regulation of blood pressure biological regulation regulation of biological quality blood circulation regulation of cellular process cellular biosynthetic process positive regulation of biological process positive regulation of cellular metabolic process positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process positive regulation of metabolic process positive regulation of biosynthetic process multicellular organismal process system process circulatory system process regulation of blood pressure biological regulation regulation of biological quality blood circulation regulation of cellular process cellular biosynthetic process positive regulation of biological process positive regulation of cellular metabolic process positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process positive regulation of metabolic process positive regulation of biosynthetic process positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process positive regulation of cellular process regulation of biosynthetic process regulation of biological process cellular metabolic process regulation of cellular metabolic process regulation of macromolecule metabolic process gene expression macromolecule biosynthetic process regulation of cellular biosynthetic process regulation of gene expression biosynthetic process positive regulation of gene expression regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process metabolic process cellular process macromolecule metabolic process regulation of metabolic process positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process cellular response to stimulus response to stimulus signaling response to endogenous stimulus hormone-mediated signaling pathway cell communication cellular response to endogenous stimulus cellular response to chemical stimulus response to hormone response to chemical signal transduction cellular response to hormone stimulus cellular response to nitrogen compound response to organonitrogen compound response to peptide hormone cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus response to oxygen-containing compound response to nitrogen compound response to glucagon cellular response to oxygen-containing compound cellular response to glucagon stimulus cellular response to organonitrogen compound energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds regulation of generation of precursor metabolites and energy regulation of polysaccharide metabolic process regulation of primary metabolic process glucan metabolic process polysaccharide metabolic process regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process carbohydrate metabolic process glycogen metabolic process primary metabolic process generation of precursor metabolites and energy energy reserve metabolic process regulation of glycogen metabolic process adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cellular response to nutrient levels response to nutrient levels cellular response to stress response to stress response to starvation cellular response to starvation cell surface receptor signaling pathway response to nutrient localization secretion by cell exocytosis transport secretion export from cell establishment of localization vesicle-mediated transport chemical homeostasis homeostatic process glucose homeostasis carbohydrate homeostasis	membrane cellular anatomical entity cell periphery plasma membrane membrane-bounded organelle intracellular anatomical structure endosome intracellular vesicle intracellular membrane-bounded organelle endomembrane system intracellular organelle cytoplasmic vesicle organelle cytoplasm membrane cellular anatomical entity cell periphery plasma membrane membrane-bounded organelle intracellular anatomical structure endosome intracellular vesicle intracellular membrane-bounded organelle endomembrane system intracellular organelle cytoplasmic vesicle organelle cytoplasm vesicle
C [auth A]	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short	binding guanyl nucleotide binding GTP binding nucleotide binding guanyl ribonucleotide binding purine ribonucleotide binding purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding nucleoside phosphate binding ion binding organic cyclic compound binding purine nucleotide binding anion binding heterocyclic compound binding carbohydrate derivative binding binding guanyl nucleotide binding GTP binding nucleotide binding guanyl ribonucleotide binding purine ribonucleotide binding purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding nucleoside phosphate binding ion binding organic cyclic compound binding purine nucleotide binding anion binding heterocyclic compound binding carbohydrate derivative binding ribonucleotide binding small molecule binding D1 dopamine receptor binding protein binding signaling receptor binding G protein-coupled receptor binding dopamine receptor binding protein-containing complex binding G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding enzyme regulator activity cyclase regulator activity enzyme activator activity cyclase activator activity molecular function activator activity molecular function regulator activity adenylate cyclase regulator activity adenylate cyclase activator activity cation binding metal ion binding pyrophosphatase activity GTPase activity ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides hydrolase activity hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides catalytic activity	developmental process multicellular organismal process epithelium development ectodermal placode morphogenesis epidermis development molting cycle process hair cycle animal organ development hair follicle placode formation tissue development ectodermal placode formation anatomical structure morphogenesis skin development skin epidermis development hair follicle development developmental process multicellular organismal process epithelium development ectodermal placode morphogenesis epidermis development molting cycle process hair cycle animal organ development hair follicle placode formation tissue development ectodermal placode formation anatomical structure morphogenesis skin development skin epidermis development hair follicle development molting cycle anatomical structure development anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis ectodermal placode development hair cycle process system process sensory perception of chemical stimulus sensory perception nervous system process sensory perception of smell multicellular organism development skeletal system development bone development system development regulation of body fluid levels wound healing response to stimulus homotypic cell-cell adhesion cell activation hemostasis biological regulation platelet aggregation blood coagulation cell adhesion cell-cell adhesion response to stress coagulation cellular process regulation of biological quality response to wounding platelet activation cognition developmental growth growth cellular response to stimulus response to ketone response to prostaglandin response to lipid response to endogenous stimulus response to alcohol cellular response to prostaglandin stimulus response to oxygen-containing compound cellular response to oxygen-containing compound cellular response to endogenous stimulus cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus cellular response to chemical stimulus cellular response to alcohol response to hormone response to chemical cellular response to lipid response to prostaglandin E cellular response to ketone cellular response to hormone stimulus regulation of biological process regulation of cellular process signaling adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cell communication adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway signal transduction homeostatic process positive regulation of biological process adaptive thermogenesis positive regulation of metabolic process multicellular organismal-level homeostasis regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis cold-induced thermogenesis temperature homeostasis positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis positive regulation of multicellular organismal process metabolic process regulation of multicellular organismal process regulation of metabolic process adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway adrenergic receptor signaling pathway localization cellular localization transport establishment of localization in cell intracellular transport establishment of localization positive regulation of adenylate cyclase activity positive regulation of cyclase activity regulation of catalytic activity positive regulation of catalytic activity positive regulation of molecular function regulation of molecular function regulation of lyase activity activation of adenylate cyclase activity regulation of adenylate cyclase activity regulation of cyclase activity positive regulation of lyase activity cellular response to nitrogen compound response to dopamine cellular response to dopamine response to monoamine response to catecholamine adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway cellular response to catecholamine stimulus response to organic cyclic compound response to organonitrogen compound G protein-coupled dopamine receptor signaling pathway cellular response to organic cyclic compound response to nitrogen compound cellular response to organonitrogen compound cellular response to monoamine stimulus	membrane cellular anatomical entity protein-containing complex extrinsic component of plasma membrane catalytic complex plasma membrane protein complex cytoplasmic side of membrane plasma membrane membrane protein complex heterotrimeric G-protein complex side of membrane cell periphery cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GTPase complex membrane cellular anatomical entity protein-containing complex extrinsic component of plasma membrane catalytic complex plasma membrane protein complex cytoplasmic side of membrane plasma membrane membrane protein complex heterotrimeric G-protein complex side of membrane cell periphery cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GTPase complex extrinsic component of membrane extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane extracellular exosome membrane-bounded organelle extracellular vesicle extracellular organelle extracellular region organelle extracellular space vesicle extracellular membrane-bounded organelle intracellular anatomical structure cytoplasm cytosol Golgi apparatus subcompartment Golgi apparatus organelle subcompartment trans-Golgi network membrane intracellular membrane-bounded organelle endomembrane system intracellular organelle trans-Golgi network organelle membrane
D [auth B]	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1	protein binding binding enzyme binding GTPase binding protein-containing complex binding pyrophosphatase activity GTPase activity ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides hydrolase activity hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides catalytic activity signaling receptor complex adaptor activity protein-macromolecule adaptor activity protein binding binding enzyme binding GTPase binding protein-containing complex binding pyrophosphatase activity GTPase activity ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides hydrolase activity hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides catalytic activity signaling receptor complex adaptor activity protein-macromolecule adaptor activity molecular adaptor activity signaling adaptor activity	multicellular organismal process system process sensory perception of chemical stimulus sensory perception nervous system process sensory perception of taste developmental process sensory organ development eye development animal organ development retina development in camera-type eye visual system development multicellular organism development camera-type eye development multicellular organismal process system process sensory perception of chemical stimulus sensory perception nervous system process sensory perception of taste developmental process sensory organ development eye development animal organ development retina development in camera-type eye visual system development multicellular organism development camera-type eye development anatomical structure development sensory system development system development cell population proliferation cellular process cellular response to stimulus regulation of biological process regulation of cellular process response to stimulus signaling biological regulation signal transduction cell communication response to ketone response to prostaglandin response to lipid response to endogenous stimulus response to alcohol cellular response to prostaglandin stimulus response to oxygen-containing compound cellular response to oxygen-containing compound cellular response to endogenous stimulus cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus cellular response to chemical stimulus cellular response to alcohol response to hormone response to chemical cellular response to lipid response to prostaglandin E cellular response to ketone cellular response to hormone stimulus small GTPase-mediated signal transduction Ras protein signal transduction intracellular signal transduction intracellular signaling cassette phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cellular response to nitrogen compound response to dopamine cellular response to dopamine response to monoamine response to catecholamine adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway cellular response to catecholamine stimulus response to organic cyclic compound response to organonitrogen compound G protein-coupled dopamine receptor signaling pathway cellular response to organic cyclic compound response to nitrogen compound adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cellular response to organonitrogen compound cellular response to monoamine stimulus adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway synaptic signaling cellular response to acetylcholine cell-cell signaling acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway postsynaptic signal transduction G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway response to acetylcholine	membrane cellular anatomical entity protein-containing complex extrinsic component of plasma membrane catalytic complex plasma membrane protein complex cytoplasmic side of membrane plasma membrane membrane protein complex heterotrimeric G-protein complex side of membrane cell periphery cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GTPase complex membrane cellular anatomical entity protein-containing complex extrinsic component of plasma membrane catalytic complex plasma membrane protein complex cytoplasmic side of membrane plasma membrane membrane protein complex heterotrimeric G-protein complex side of membrane cell periphery cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GTPase complex extrinsic component of membrane extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane extracellular exosome membrane-bounded organelle extracellular vesicle extracellular organelle extracellular region organelle extracellular space vesicle extracellular membrane-bounded organelle non-motile cilium 9+0 non-motile cilium cilium neuron projection photoreceptor disc membrane photoreceptor outer segment plasma membrane bounded cell projection cell projection photoreceptor cell cilium organelle membrane intracellular anatomical structure cytoplasm cytosol vacuolar membrane lytic vacuole vacuole intracellular membrane-bounded organelle intracellular organelle lytic vacuole membrane bounding membrane of organelle lysosomal membrane lysosome synapse cell junction
E [auth G]	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2	protein binding binding G-protein beta-subunit binding	fibroblast proliferation cell population proliferation cellular process cellular response to nitrogen compound cellular response to stimulus response to dopamine regulation of cellular process response to stimulus signaling cellular response to dopamine response to monoamine cell communication cellular response to endogenous stimulus response to catecholamine fibroblast proliferation cell population proliferation cellular process cellular response to nitrogen compound cellular response to stimulus response to dopamine regulation of cellular process response to stimulus signaling cellular response to dopamine response to monoamine cell communication cellular response to endogenous stimulus response to catecholamine adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway cellular response to catecholamine stimulus signal transduction response to organic cyclic compound regulation of biological process response to organonitrogen compound response to endogenous stimulus G protein-coupled dopamine receptor signaling pathway cellular response to organic cyclic compound biological regulation response to oxygen-containing compound response to nitrogen compound adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cellular response to oxygen-containing compound cellular response to chemical stimulus cellular response to organonitrogen compound cellular response to monoamine stimulus response to chemical adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway response to ketone response to prostaglandin response to lipid response to alcohol cellular response to prostaglandin stimulus cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus cellular response to alcohol response to hormone cellular response to lipid response to prostaglandin E cellular response to ketone cellular response to hormone stimulus	membrane cellular anatomical entity protein-containing complex extrinsic component of plasma membrane catalytic complex plasma membrane protein complex cytoplasmic side of membrane plasma membrane membrane protein complex heterotrimeric G-protein complex side of membrane cell periphery cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GTPase complex membrane cellular anatomical entity protein-containing complex extrinsic component of plasma membrane catalytic complex plasma membrane protein complex cytoplasmic side of membrane plasma membrane membrane protein complex heterotrimeric G-protein complex side of membrane cell periphery cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GTPase complex extrinsic component of membrane extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane extracellular exosome membrane-bounded organelle extracellular vesicle extracellular organelle extracellular region organelle extracellular space vesicle extracellular membrane-bounded organelle
F [auth N]	Nanobody-35	-	-	-

InterPro: Protein Family Classification InterPro Database Homepage

Chains	Accession	Name	Type
B [auth R]	IPR017983	GPCR, family 2, secretin-like, conserved site	Conserved Site
B [auth R]	IPR050332	G-protein coupled receptor 2	Family
B [auth R]	IPR003290	GPCR, family 2, glucagon-like peptide-1/glucagon receptor	Family
B [auth R]	IPR036445	GPCR family 2, extracellular hormone receptor domain superfamily	Homologous Superfamily
B [auth R]	IPR000832	GPCR, family 2, secretin-like	Family
B [auth R]	IPR017981	GPCR, family 2-like, 7TM	Domain
B [auth R]	IPR001879	GPCR, family 2, extracellular hormone receptor domain	Domain
B [auth R]	IPR003291	GPCR, family 2, glucagon receptor	Family
C [auth A]	IPR001019	Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit	Family
C [auth A]	IPR011025	G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion	Homologous Superfamily
C [auth A]	IPR027417	P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase	Homologous Superfamily
C [auth A]	IPR000367	G-protein alpha subunit, group S	Family
D [auth B]	IPR019775	WD40 repeat, conserved site	Conserved Site
D [auth B]	IPR015943	WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily	Homologous Superfamily
D [auth B]	IPR016346	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit	Family
D [auth B]	IPR036322	WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily	Homologous Superfamily
D [auth B]	IPR001632	G-protein, beta subunit	Domain
D [auth B]	IPR001680	WD40 repeat	Repeat
D [auth B]	IPR020472	G-protein beta WD-40 repeat	Repeat
E [auth G]	IPR015898	G-protein gamma-like domain	Domain
E [auth G]	IPR001770	G-protein, gamma subunit	Family
E [auth G]	IPR036284	G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily	Homologous Superfamily

Pharos: Disease Associations Pharos Homepage Annotation

Chains	Drug Target	Associated Disease
B [auth R]	Pharos: P47871	type 2 diabetes mellitus acquired metabolic disease diabetes mellitus hypoglycemia Severe hypoglycaemia in patients with diabetes ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia 1 Cushing syndrome due to macronodular adrenal hyperplasia maturity-onset diabetes of the young
C [auth A]	Pharos: P63092	McCune-Albright syndrome progressive osseous heteroplasia pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A pseudohypoparathyroidism polycystic ovary syndrome acromegaly pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B cholangiocarcinoma pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism precocious puberty obesity disorder substance withdrawal syndrome pseudohypoaldosteronism ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia 1 neuroblastoma McCune-Albright syndrome progressive osseous heteroplasia pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A pseudohypoparathyroidism polycystic ovary syndrome acromegaly pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B cholangiocarcinoma pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism precocious puberty obesity disorder substance withdrawal syndrome pseudohypoaldosteronism ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia 1 neuroblastoma brachydactyly intellectual disability pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1C Cafe-au-Lait Spots hypertensive disorder monostotic fibrous dysplasia cancer colorectal cancer intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma endocrine system disease autosomal dominant pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 sex cord-stromal tumor Cushing disease due to pituitary adenoma adrenal gland cancer growth hormone-producing pituitary gland adenoma pilocytic astrocytoma tuberculosis congenital hypothyroidism interstitial cystitis Cushing syndrome large cell medulloblastoma progressive supranuclear palsy malignant glioma acquired metabolic disease pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2 ductal breast carcinoma in situ medulloblastoma adenoma adrenal gland hyperfunction osteitis fibrosa atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor ovarian cancer pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm with low grade dysplasia bile duct cancer testicular sex cord-stromal neoplasm pituitary cancer craniosynostosis Cushing syndrome due to macronodular adrenal hyperplasia fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva gallstones oligodendroglioma schizophrenia growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma 1 osteogenesis imperfecta hemorrhagic disease pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma Pick disease pituitary gland adenoma congenital anemia invasive ductal breast carcinoma cystic fibrosis malignant ependymoma pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome endogenous depression fibrous dysplasia neurofibromatosis type 1 Alzheimer disease glioblastoma astrocytic tumor osteosarcoma autosomal recessive pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm
D [auth B]	Pharos: P62873	intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 42 melancholia intellectual disability endogenous depression medulloblastoma myopathy ovarian cancer Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia Lymphoma Sjogren syndrome anxiety disorder chronic kidney disease juvenile dermatomyositis lung adenocarcinoma neurotic disorder pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 42 melancholia intellectual disability endogenous depression medulloblastoma myopathy ovarian cancer Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia Lymphoma Sjogren syndrome anxiety disorder chronic kidney disease juvenile dermatomyositis lung adenocarcinoma neurotic disorder pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma subependymal giant cell astrocytoma breast cancer Duchenne muscular dystrophy leukemia, acute lymphocytic, susceptibility to, 1 malignant pancreatic neoplasm myelodysplastic syndrome osteosarcoma plasma cell myeloma rheumatoid arthritis swine influenza childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia depressive disorder
E [auth G]	Pharos: P59768	pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm pilocytic astrocytoma sarcoidosis ulcerative colitis adrenal cortex carcinoma breast carcinoma Duchenne muscular dystrophy glioblastoma large cell medulloblastoma medulloblastoma ovarian cancer pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm with low grade dysplasia pituitary cancer Sjogren syndrome X-linked mixed deafness with perilymphatic gusher pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm pilocytic astrocytoma sarcoidosis ulcerative colitis adrenal cortex carcinoma breast carcinoma Duchenne muscular dystrophy glioblastoma large cell medulloblastoma medulloblastoma ovarian cancer pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm with low grade dysplasia pituitary cancer Sjogren syndrome X-linked mixed deafness with perilymphatic gusher astrocytic tumor Crohn disease ductal breast carcinoma in situ interstitial cystitis lung carcinoma non-small cell lung carcinoma pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma Pick disease primitive neuroectodermal tumor thoracic aortic aneurysm atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor cystic fibrosis Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy invasive ductal breast carcinoma malignant ependymoma osteosarcoma

RCSB PDB Core Operations are funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (DBI-2321666), the US Department of Energy (DE-SC0019749), and the National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under grant R01GM133198.

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8YW5

Cryo-EM structure of the retatrutide-bound human GCGR-Gs complex

External Resource: Annotation

Gene Ontology: Gene Product Annotation Gene Ontology Database Homepage

InterPro: Protein Family Classification InterPro Database Homepage

Pharos: Disease Associations Pharos Homepage Annotation