Annotations: 8JHB

Domain Annotation: SCOP2 Classification SCOP2 Database Homepage

Chains	Type	Family Name	Domain Identifier	Family Identifier	Provenance Source (Version)
C	SCOP2B Superfamily	Transducin (heterotrimeric G protein) gamma chain	8070798	3001771	SCOP2B (2021-05-27)

SAbDab Antibody Annotation SAbDab Database Homepage

Chain	Chain Class	Chain Subclass	Chain Type	Antigen Name(s)	Provenance Source
D [auth N]	Heavy Chain	IGHV3	-	guanine nucleotide-binding protein g(s) subunit alphaisoforms xlas \| guanine nucleotide-binding protein g(i)/g(s)/g(t) subunitbeta-1 \| guanine nucleotide-binding protein g(i)/g(s)/g(o) subunitgamma-2	SAbDab (2024-06-21)

Protein Family Annotation Pfam Database Homepage

Chains	Accession	Name	Description	Comments	Source
A	PF00503	G-protein alpha subunit (G-alpha)	G-protein alpha subunit	G proteins couple receptors of extracellular signals to intracellular signaling pathways. The G protein alpha subunit binds guanyl nucleotide and is a weak GTPase. A set of residues that are unique to G-alpha as compared to its ancestor the Arf-like ...	G proteins couple receptors of extracellular signals to intracellular signaling pathways. The G protein alpha subunit binds guanyl nucleotide and is a weak GTPase. A set of residues that are unique to G-alpha as compared to its ancestor the Arf-like family form a ring of residues centered on the nucleotide binding site [3]. A Ggamma is found fused to an inactive Galpha in the Dictyostelium protein gbqA [3].	Domain
B	PF00400	WD domain, G-beta repeat (WD40)	WD domain, G-beta repeat	-	Repeat
E [auth R]	PF01534	Frizzled/Smoothened family membrane region (Frizzled)	Frizzled/Smoothened family membrane region	-	Family

Gene Ontology: Gene Product Annotation Gene Ontology Database Homepage

Chains	Polymer	Molecular Function	Biological Process	Cellular Component
A	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms XLas	mu-type opioid receptor binding protein binding binding signaling receptor binding G protein-coupled receptor binding opioid receptor binding beta-2 adrenergic receptor binding adrenergic receptor binding ionotropic glutamate receptor binding glutamate receptor binding guanyl nucleotide binding GTP binding nucleotide binding guanyl ribonucleotide binding mu-type opioid receptor binding protein binding binding signaling receptor binding G protein-coupled receptor binding opioid receptor binding beta-2 adrenergic receptor binding adrenergic receptor binding ionotropic glutamate receptor binding glutamate receptor binding guanyl nucleotide binding GTP binding nucleotide binding guanyl ribonucleotide binding purine ribonucleotide binding purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding nucleoside phosphate binding ion binding organic cyclic compound binding purine nucleotide binding anion binding heterocyclic compound binding carbohydrate derivative binding ribonucleotide binding small molecule binding peptide hormone receptor binding corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor binding corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 binding hormone receptor binding neuropeptide receptor binding D1 dopamine receptor binding dopamine receptor binding protein-containing complex binding G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding enzyme regulator activity cyclase regulator activity enzyme activator activity cyclase activator activity molecular function activator activity molecular function regulator activity adenylate cyclase regulator activity adenylate cyclase activator activity cation binding metal ion binding pyrophosphatase activity GTPase activity ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides hydrolase activity hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides catalytic activity insulin-like growth factor receptor binding	developmental process multicellular organism development multicellular organismal process skeletal system development anatomical structure development animal organ development bone development system development regulation of body fluid levels wound healing response to stimulus homotypic cell-cell adhesion cell activation hemostasis developmental process multicellular organism development multicellular organismal process skeletal system development anatomical structure development animal organ development bone development system development regulation of body fluid levels wound healing response to stimulus homotypic cell-cell adhesion cell activation hemostasis biological regulation platelet aggregation blood coagulation cell adhesion cell-cell adhesion response to stress coagulation cellular process regulation of biological quality response to wounding platelet activation developmental growth growth cellular response to stimulus regulation of biological process regulation of cellular process signaling adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cell communication adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway signal transduction homeostatic process positive regulation of biological process adaptive thermogenesis positive regulation of metabolic process multicellular organismal-level homeostasis regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis cold-induced thermogenesis temperature homeostasis positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis positive regulation of multicellular organismal process metabolic process regulation of multicellular organismal process regulation of metabolic process system process sensory perception of chemical stimulus sensory perception nervous system process cellular response to nitrogen compound response to dopamine cellular response to dopamine response to monoamine cellular response to endogenous stimulus response to catecholamine adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway cellular response to catecholamine stimulus response to organic cyclic compound response to organonitrogen compound response to endogenous stimulus G protein-coupled dopamine receptor signaling pathway cellular response to organic cyclic compound response to oxygen-containing compound response to nitrogen compound cellular response to oxygen-containing compound cellular response to chemical stimulus cellular response to organonitrogen compound cellular response to monoamine stimulus response to chemical	membrane cellular anatomical entity protein-containing complex extrinsic component of plasma membrane catalytic complex plasma membrane protein complex cytoplasmic side of membrane plasma membrane membrane protein complex heterotrimeric G-protein complex side of membrane cell periphery cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GTPase complex membrane cellular anatomical entity protein-containing complex extrinsic component of plasma membrane catalytic complex plasma membrane protein complex cytoplasmic side of membrane plasma membrane membrane protein complex heterotrimeric G-protein complex side of membrane cell periphery cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GTPase complex extrinsic component of membrane extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane apical part of cell plasma membrane region apical plasma membrane extracellular exosome membrane-bounded organelle extracellular vesicle extracellular organelle extracellular region organelle extracellular space vesicle extracellular membrane-bounded organelle intracellular anatomical structure cytoplasm cytosol
B	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1	protein binding binding enzyme binding GTPase binding protein-containing complex binding pyrophosphatase activity GTPase activity ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides hydrolase activity hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides catalytic activity signaling receptor complex adaptor activity protein-macromolecule adaptor activity protein binding binding enzyme binding GTPase binding protein-containing complex binding pyrophosphatase activity GTPase activity ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides hydrolase activity hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides catalytic activity signaling receptor complex adaptor activity protein-macromolecule adaptor activity molecular adaptor activity signaling adaptor activity	multicellular organismal process system process sensory perception of chemical stimulus sensory perception nervous system process sensory perception of taste developmental process sensory organ development eye development animal organ development retina development in camera-type eye visual system development multicellular organism development camera-type eye development multicellular organismal process system process sensory perception of chemical stimulus sensory perception nervous system process sensory perception of taste developmental process sensory organ development eye development animal organ development retina development in camera-type eye visual system development multicellular organism development camera-type eye development anatomical structure development sensory system development system development cell population proliferation cellular process cellular response to stimulus regulation of biological process regulation of cellular process response to stimulus signaling biological regulation signal transduction cell communication response to ketone response to prostaglandin response to lipid response to endogenous stimulus response to alcohol cellular response to prostaglandin stimulus response to oxygen-containing compound cellular response to oxygen-containing compound cellular response to endogenous stimulus cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus cellular response to chemical stimulus cellular response to alcohol response to hormone response to chemical cellular response to lipid response to prostaglandin E cellular response to ketone cellular response to hormone stimulus small GTPase-mediated signal transduction Ras protein signal transduction intracellular signal transduction intracellular signaling cassette phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cellular response to nitrogen compound response to dopamine cellular response to dopamine response to monoamine response to catecholamine adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway cellular response to catecholamine stimulus response to organic cyclic compound response to organonitrogen compound G protein-coupled dopamine receptor signaling pathway cellular response to organic cyclic compound response to nitrogen compound adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cellular response to organonitrogen compound cellular response to monoamine stimulus adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway synaptic signaling cellular response to acetylcholine cell-cell signaling acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway postsynaptic signal transduction G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway response to acetylcholine	membrane cellular anatomical entity protein-containing complex extrinsic component of plasma membrane catalytic complex plasma membrane protein complex cytoplasmic side of membrane plasma membrane membrane protein complex heterotrimeric G-protein complex side of membrane cell periphery cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GTPase complex membrane cellular anatomical entity protein-containing complex extrinsic component of plasma membrane catalytic complex plasma membrane protein complex cytoplasmic side of membrane plasma membrane membrane protein complex heterotrimeric G-protein complex side of membrane cell periphery cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GTPase complex extrinsic component of membrane extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane extracellular exosome membrane-bounded organelle extracellular vesicle extracellular organelle extracellular region organelle extracellular space vesicle extracellular membrane-bounded organelle non-motile cilium 9+0 non-motile cilium cilium neuron projection photoreceptor disc membrane photoreceptor outer segment plasma membrane bounded cell projection cell projection photoreceptor cell cilium organelle membrane intracellular anatomical structure cytoplasm cytosol vacuolar membrane lytic vacuole vacuole intracellular membrane-bounded organelle intracellular organelle lytic vacuole membrane bounding membrane of organelle lysosomal membrane lysosome synapse cell junction
C	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2	protein binding binding G-protein beta-subunit binding	fibroblast proliferation cell population proliferation cellular process cellular response to nitrogen compound cellular response to stimulus response to dopamine regulation of cellular process response to stimulus signaling cellular response to dopamine response to monoamine cell communication cellular response to endogenous stimulus response to catecholamine fibroblast proliferation cell population proliferation cellular process cellular response to nitrogen compound cellular response to stimulus response to dopamine regulation of cellular process response to stimulus signaling cellular response to dopamine response to monoamine cell communication cellular response to endogenous stimulus response to catecholamine adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway cellular response to catecholamine stimulus signal transduction response to organic cyclic compound regulation of biological process response to organonitrogen compound response to endogenous stimulus G protein-coupled dopamine receptor signaling pathway cellular response to organic cyclic compound biological regulation response to oxygen-containing compound response to nitrogen compound adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway cellular response to oxygen-containing compound cellular response to chemical stimulus cellular response to organonitrogen compound cellular response to monoamine stimulus response to chemical adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway response to ketone response to prostaglandin response to lipid response to alcohol cellular response to prostaglandin stimulus cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus cellular response to alcohol response to hormone cellular response to lipid response to prostaglandin E cellular response to ketone cellular response to hormone stimulus	membrane cellular anatomical entity protein-containing complex extrinsic component of plasma membrane catalytic complex plasma membrane protein complex cytoplasmic side of membrane plasma membrane membrane protein complex heterotrimeric G-protein complex side of membrane cell periphery cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GTPase complex membrane cellular anatomical entity protein-containing complex extrinsic component of plasma membrane catalytic complex plasma membrane protein complex cytoplasmic side of membrane plasma membrane membrane protein complex heterotrimeric G-protein complex side of membrane cell periphery cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane GTPase complex extrinsic component of membrane extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane extracellular exosome membrane-bounded organelle extracellular vesicle extracellular organelle extracellular region organelle extracellular space vesicle extracellular membrane-bounded organelle
D [auth N]	Nb35	-	-	-
E [auth R]	Frizzled-6	molecular transducer activity transmembrane signaling receptor activity signaling receptor activity Wnt receptor activity G protein-coupled receptor activity ubiquitin protein ligase binding protein binding binding ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding enzyme binding Wnt-protein binding	developmental process multicellular organismal process limb development appendage development embryonic morphogenesis embryonic limb morphogenesis embryo development embryonic appendage morphogenesis embryonic nail plate morphogenesis multicellular organism development anatomical structure morphogenesis nail development appendage morphogenesis anatomical structure development developmental process multicellular organismal process limb development appendage development embryonic morphogenesis embryonic limb morphogenesis embryo development embryonic appendage morphogenesis embryonic nail plate morphogenesis multicellular organism development anatomical structure morphogenesis nail development appendage morphogenesis anatomical structure development embryonic digit morphogenesis limb morphogenesis regulation of cellular process cellular biosynthetic process negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity RNA metabolic process regulation of primary metabolic process nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process RNA biosynthetic process nucleic acid biosynthetic process DNA-templated transcription regulation of RNA metabolic process regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process regulation of RNA biosynthetic process regulation of biosynthetic process regulation of biological process cellular metabolic process negative regulation of molecular function biological regulation primary metabolic process regulation of cellular metabolic process regulation of macromolecule metabolic process nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process gene expression macromolecule biosynthetic process nucleic acid metabolic process regulation of cellular biosynthetic process regulation of molecular function regulation of gene expression biosynthetic process regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity metabolic process regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process cellular process regulation of DNA-templated transcription macromolecule metabolic process regulation of metabolic process cellular response to stimulus cell surface receptor signaling pathway response to stimulus signaling canonical Wnt signaling pathway cell communication signal transduction Wnt signaling pathway head development cell population proliferation animal organ development brain development nervous system development central nervous system development cell proliferation in midbrain midbrain development neural precursor cell proliferation system development ear morphogenesis embryonic organ morphogenesis ear development sensory organ development sensory organ morphogenesis inner ear development inner ear morphogenesis animal organ morphogenesis embryonic organ development non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway negative regulation of signaling regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway negative regulation of biological process regulation of signal transduction negative regulation of cell communication negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway negative regulation of cellular process regulation of signaling regulation of Wnt signaling pathway negative regulation of response to stimulus negative regulation of signal transduction negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway regulation of response to stimulus regulation of cell communication epithelium development epidermis development molting cycle process hair cycle tissue development skin development skin epidermis development hair follicle development molting cycle hair cycle process embryonic epithelial tube formation chordate embryonic development tube formation epithelial tube formation tube morphogenesis primary neural tube formation embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching epithelial tube morphogenesis morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium neural tube development tube development morphogenesis of an epithelium tissue morphogenesis neural tube closure neural tube formation anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis tube closure regulation of body fluid levels wound healing cell activation hemostasis blood coagulation response to stress coagulation regulation of biological quality response to wounding platelet activation Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway establishment of planar polarity establishment of body hair or bristle planar orientation establishment of tissue polarity morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium establishment of body hair planar orientation brain morphogenesis midbrain morphogenesis	cell periphery apical part of cell membrane plasma membrane plasma membrane region cellular anatomical entity apical plasma membrane cell surface apicolateral plasma membrane membrane-bounded organelle intracellular anatomical structure organelle subcompartment intracellular membrane-bounded organelle endomembrane system cell periphery apical part of cell membrane plasma membrane plasma membrane region cellular anatomical entity apical plasma membrane cell surface apicolateral plasma membrane membrane-bounded organelle intracellular anatomical structure organelle subcompartment intracellular membrane-bounded organelle endomembrane system endoplasmic reticulum subcompartment intracellular organelle organelle nuclear outer membrane-endoplasmic reticulum membrane network endoplasmic reticulum cytoplasm organelle membrane endoplasmic reticulum membrane intracellular vesicle cytoplasmic vesicle membrane vesicle membrane cytoplasmic vesicle vesicle

InterPro: Protein Family Classification InterPro Database Homepage

Chains	Accession	Name	Type
A	IPR001019	Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit	Family
A	IPR011025	G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion	Homologous Superfamily
A	IPR027417	P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase	Homologous Superfamily
A	IPR000367	G-protein alpha subunit, group S	Family
B	IPR019775	WD40 repeat, conserved site	Conserved Site
B	IPR015943	WD40/YVTN repeat-like-containing domain superfamily	Homologous Superfamily
B	IPR016346	Guanine nucleotide-binding protein, beta subunit	Family
B	IPR036322	WD40-repeat-containing domain superfamily	Homologous Superfamily
B	IPR001632	G-protein, beta subunit	Domain
B	IPR001680	WD40 repeat	Repeat
B	IPR020472	G-protein beta WD-40 repeat	Repeat
C	IPR015898	G-protein gamma-like domain	Domain
C	IPR001770	G-protein, gamma subunit	Family
C	IPR036284	G-protein gamma-like domain superfamily	Homologous Superfamily
E [auth R]	IPR036790	Frizzled cysteine-rich domain superfamily	Homologous Superfamily
E [auth R]	IPR041770	Frizzled 6, cysteine-rich domain	Domain
E [auth R]	IPR017981	GPCR, family 2-like, 7TM	Domain
E [auth R]	IPR015526	Frizzled/secreted frizzled-related protein	Family
E [auth R]	IPR000539	Frizzled/Smoothened, 7TM	Domain
E [auth R]	IPR026543	Frizzled-6, 7TM	Domain
E [auth R]	IPR020067	Frizzled domain	Domain

Pharos: Disease Associations Pharos Homepage Annotation

Chains	Drug Target	Associated Disease
A	Pharos: Q5JWF2	McCune-Albright syndrome progressive osseous heteroplasia pseudohypoparathyroidism pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A polycystic ovary syndrome acromegaly pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B cholangiocarcinoma pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism precocious puberty obesity disorder substance withdrawal syndrome pseudohypoaldosteronism ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia 1 neuroblastoma McCune-Albright syndrome progressive osseous heteroplasia pseudohypoparathyroidism pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1A polycystic ovary syndrome acromegaly pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1B cholangiocarcinoma pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism precocious puberty obesity disorder substance withdrawal syndrome pseudohypoaldosteronism ACTH-independent macronodular adrenal hyperplasia 1 neuroblastoma brachydactyly intellectual disability pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1C Tachycardia hypertensive disorder monostotic fibrous dysplasia cancer colorectal cancer intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma endocrine system disease autosomal dominant pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 sex cord-stromal tumor Cushing disease due to pituitary adenoma adrenal gland cancer growth hormone-producing pituitary gland adenoma pilocytic astrocytoma tuberculosis interstitial cystitis congenital hypothyroidism large cell medulloblastoma Cushing syndrome malignant glioma acquired metabolic disease progressive supranuclear palsy medulloblastoma pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2 ductal breast carcinoma in situ adenoma adrenal gland hyperfunction osteitis fibrosa ovarian cancer atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm with low grade dysplasia bile duct cancer testicular sex cord-stromal neoplasm pituitary cancer craniosynostosis Cushing syndrome due to macronodular adrenal hyperplasia fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva gallstones oligodendroglioma growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma 1 osteogenesis imperfecta schizophrenia hemorrhagic disease pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma Pick disease pituitary gland adenoma congenital anemia invasive ductal breast carcinoma malignant ependymoma cystic fibrosis ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 endogenous depression fibrous dysplasia neurofibromatosis type 1 glioblastoma Alzheimer disease osteosarcoma astrocytic tumor pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm autosomal recessive pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1
B	Pharos: P62873	intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 42 melancholia intellectual disability endogenous depression medulloblastoma myopathy ovarian cancer Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia Lymphoma Sjogren syndrome anxiety disorder chronic kidney disease juvenile dermatomyositis lung adenocarcinoma neurotic disorder pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma intellectual disability, autosomal dominant 42 melancholia intellectual disability endogenous depression medulloblastoma myopathy ovarian cancer Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia Lymphoma Sjogren syndrome anxiety disorder chronic kidney disease juvenile dermatomyositis lung adenocarcinoma neurotic disorder pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma subependymal giant cell astrocytoma breast cancer Duchenne muscular dystrophy leukemia, acute lymphocytic, susceptibility to, 1 malignant pancreatic neoplasm myelodysplastic syndrome osteosarcoma plasma cell myeloma rheumatoid arthritis swine influenza childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia depressive disorder
C	Pharos: P59768	pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm pilocytic astrocytoma sarcoidosis ulcerative colitis adrenal cortex carcinoma breast carcinoma Duchenne muscular dystrophy glioblastoma large cell medulloblastoma medulloblastoma ovarian cancer pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm with low grade dysplasia pituitary cancer Sjogren syndrome X-linked mixed deafness with perilymphatic gusher pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm pilocytic astrocytoma sarcoidosis ulcerative colitis adrenal cortex carcinoma breast carcinoma Duchenne muscular dystrophy glioblastoma large cell medulloblastoma medulloblastoma ovarian cancer pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm with low grade dysplasia pituitary cancer Sjogren syndrome X-linked mixed deafness with perilymphatic gusher astrocytic tumor Crohn disease ductal breast carcinoma in situ interstitial cystitis lung carcinoma non-small cell lung carcinoma pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma Pick disease primitive neuroectodermal tumor thoracic aortic aneurysm atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor cystic fibrosis Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy invasive ductal breast carcinoma malignant ependymoma osteosarcoma
E [auth R]	Pharos: O60353	nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 1 psoriasis acute myeloid leukemia glioblastoma malignant ependymoma medulloblastoma Nail Disorder, Nonsyndromic Congenital, 10 pilocytic astrocytoma adenoma malignant glioma nail disease non-immune hydrops fetalis osteosarcoma primitive neuroectodermal tumor atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor nonsyndromic congenital nail disorder 1 psoriasis acute myeloid leukemia glioblastoma malignant ependymoma medulloblastoma Nail Disorder, Nonsyndromic Congenital, 10 pilocytic astrocytoma adenoma malignant glioma nail disease non-immune hydrops fetalis osteosarcoma primitive neuroectodermal tumor atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor intellectual disability malignant mesothelioma ovarian cancer