7TZX

The crystal structure of WT CYP199A4 bound to 4-chloromethylbenzoic acid


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.41 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.180 
  • R-Value Work: 0.157 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.157 

Starting Model: experimental
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This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Cytochrome P450-catalyzed oxidation of halogen-containing substrates.

Coleman, T.Podgorski, M.N.Doyle, M.L.Scaffidi-Muta, J.M.Campbell, E.C.Bruning, J.B.De Voss, J.J.Bell, S.G.

(2023) J Inorg Biochem 244: 112234-112234

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112234
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    7TZM, 7TZN, 7TZW, 7TZX, 7TZY, 7U00

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are heme-thiolate monooxygenases which catalyze the oxidation of aliphatic and aromatic C-H bonds and other reactions. The oxidation of halogens by cytochrome P450 enzymes has also been reported. Here we use CYP199A4, from the bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain HaA2, with a range of para-substituted benzoic acid ligands, which contain halogens, to assess if this enzyme can oxidize these species or if the presence of these electronegative atoms can alter the outcome of P450-catalyzed reactions. Despite binding to the enzyme, there was no detectable oxidation of any of the 4-halobenzoic acids. CYP199A4 was, however, able to efficiently catalyze the oxidation of both 4-chloromethyl- and 4-bromomethyl-benzoic acid to 4-formylbenzoic acid via hydroxylation of the α‑carbon. The 4-chloromethyl substrate bound in the enzyme active site in a similar manner to 4-ethylbenzoic acid. This places the benzylic α‑carbon hydrogens in an unfavorable position for abstraction indicating a degree of substrate mobility must be possible within the active site. CYP199A4 catalyzed oxidations of 4-(2'-haloethyl)benzoic acids yielding α-hydroxylation and desaturation metabolites. The α-hydroxylation product was the major metabolite. The desaturation pathway is significantly disfavored compared to 4-ethylbenzoic acid. This may be due to the electron-withdrawing halogen atom or a different positioning of the substrate within the active site. The latter was demonstrated by the X-ray crystal structures of CYP199A4 with these substrates. Overall, the presence of a halogen atom positioned close to the heme iron can alter the binding orientation and outcomes of enzyme-catalyzed oxidation.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Chemistry, University Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Cytochrome P450410Rhodopseudomonas palustris HaA2Mutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: RPB_3613
UniProt
Find proteins for Q2IU02 (Rhodopseudomonas palustris (strain HaA2))
Explore Q2IU02 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q2IU02
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ2IU02
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.41 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.180 
  • R-Value Work: 0.157 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.157 
  • Space Group: P 1 21 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 44.273α = 90
b = 51.434β = 92.16
c = 79.085γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
XDSdata reduction
Aimlessdata scaling
PHASERphasing
PHENIXrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
Australian Research Council (ARC)Australia--

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2023-03-15
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2023-04-26
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2023-05-10
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.3: 2023-10-25
    Changes: Data collection, Refinement description