6E1Q

AtGH3.15 acyl acid amido synthetase in complex with 2,4-DB


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.15 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.214 
  • R-Value Work: 0.182 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.183 

Starting Model: experimental
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This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Modification of auxinic phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides by the acyl acid amido synthetase GH3.15 from Arabidopsis.

Sherp, A.M.Lee, S.G.Schraft, E.Jez, J.M.

(2018) J Biol Chem 293: 17731-17738

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.RA118.004975
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    6E1Q

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Herbicide-resistance traits are the most widely used agriculture biotechnology products. Yet, to maintain their effectiveness and to mitigate selection of herbicide-resistant weeds, the discovery of new resistance traits that use different chemical modes of action is essential. In plants, the Gretchen Hagen 3 (GH3) acyl acid amido synthetases catalyze the conjugation of amino acids to jasmonate and auxin phytohormones. This reaction chemistry has not been explored as a possible approach for herbicide modification and inactivation. Here, we examined a set of Arabidopsis GH3 proteins that use the auxins indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) as substrates along with the corresponding auxinic phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicides 2,4-dichlorophenoxylacetic acid (2,4-D) and 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid (2,4-DB). The IBA-specific AtGH3.15 protein displayed high catalytic activity with 2,4-DB, which was comparable to its activity with IBA. Screening of phenoxyalkanoic and phenylalkyl acids indicated that side-chain length of alkanoic and alkyl acids is a key feature of AtGH3.15's substrate preference. The X-ray crystal structure of the AtGH3.15·2,4-DB complex revealed how the herbicide binds in the active site. In root elongation assays, Arabidopsis AtGH3.15-knockout and -overexpression lines grown in the presence of 2,4-DB exhibited hypersensitivity and tolerance, respectively, indicating that the AtGH3.15-catalyzed modification inactivates 2,4-DB. These findings suggest a potential use for AtGH3.15, and perhaps other GH3 proteins, as herbicide-modifying enzymes that employ a mode of action different from those of currently available herbicide-resistance traits.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    From the Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
AtGH3.15 acyl acid amido synthetase595Arabidopsis thalianaMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: At5g13370At5g13370/T22N19_20T22N19.20T22N19_20
EC: 6.3.2
UniProt
Find proteins for Q8GZ29 (Arabidopsis thaliana)
Explore Q8GZ29 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q8GZ29
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ8GZ29
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.15 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.214 
  • R-Value Work: 0.182 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.183 
  • Space Group: C 2 2 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 153.798α = 90
b = 154.789β = 90
c = 73.424γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
PHENIXrefinement
HKL-3000data reduction
HKL-3000data scaling
PHENIXphasing

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
National Science Foundation (NSF, United States)United StatesMCB-1614539

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2018-10-24
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2018-11-28
    Changes: Data collection, Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2019-11-27
    Changes: Author supporting evidence
  • Version 1.3: 2023-10-11
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Refinement description