4EYC

Crystal structure of the cathelin-like domain of human cathelicidin LL-37 (hCLD)


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.90 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.242 
  • R-Value Work: 0.191 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.194 

Starting Model: experimental
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This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Structural and Functional Analysis of the Pro-Domain of Human Cathelicidin, LL-37.

Pazgier, M.Ericksen, B.Ling, M.Toth, E.Shi, J.Li, X.Galliher-Beckley, A.Lan, L.Zou, G.Zhan, C.Yuan, W.Pozharski, E.Lu, W.

(2013) Biochemistry 52: 1547-1558

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/bi301008r
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    4EYC

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Cathelicidins form a family of small host defense peptides distinct from another class of cationic antimicrobial peptides, the defensins. They are expressed as large precursor molecules with a highly conserved pro-domain known as the cathelin-like domain (CLD). CLDs have high degrees of sequence homology to cathelin, a protein isolated from pig leukocytes and belonging to the cystatin family of cysteine protease inhibitors. In this report, we describe for the first time the X-ray crystal structure of the human CLD (hCLD) of the sole human cathelicidin, LL-37. The structure of the hCLD, determined at 1.93 Å resolution, shows the cystatin-like fold and is highly similar to the structure of the CLD of the pig cathelicidin, protegrin-3. We assayed the in vitro antibacterial activities of the hCLD, LL-37, and the precursor form, pro-cathelicidin (also known as hCAP18), and we found that the unprocessed protein inhibited the growth of Gram-negative bacteria with efficiencies comparable to that of the mature peptide, LL-37. In addition, the antibacterial activity of LL-37 was not inhibited by the hCLD intermolecularly, because exogenously added hCLD had no effect on the bactericidal activity of the mature peptide. The hCLD itself lacked antimicrobial function and did not inhibit the cysteine protease, cathepsin L. Our results contrast with previous reports of hCLD activity. A comparative structural analysis between the hCLD and the cysteine protease inhibitor stefin A showed why the hCLD is unable to function as an inhibitor of cysteine proteases. In this respect, the cystatin scaffold represents an ancestral structural platform from which proteins evolved divergently, with some losing inhibitory functions.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Institute of Human Virology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA. mpazgier@ihv.umaryland.edu


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide
A, B
107Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: CAMPCAP18FALL39HSD26
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P49913 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P49913 
Go to UniProtKB:  P49913
PHAROS:  P49913
GTEx:  ENSG00000164047 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP49913
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.90 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.242 
  • R-Value Work: 0.191 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.194 
  • Space Group: P 21 21 2
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 91.146α = 90
b = 57.987β = 90
c = 39.546γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
REFMACrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction
HKL-2000data collection
DENZOdata reduction
SCALEPACKdata scaling
PHASERphasing

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2013-02-27
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2013-03-20
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2023-09-13
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Refinement description