4EM9

Human PPAR gamma in complex with nonanoic acids


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.10 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.235 
  • R-Value Work: 0.205 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.206 

Starting Model: experimental
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wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


This is version 1.1 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Medium chain fatty acids are selective peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) Gamma activators and pan-PPAR partial agonists

Liberato, M.V.Nascimento, A.S.Ayers, S.D.Lin, J.Z.Cvoro, A.Silveira, R.L.Martinez, L.Souza, P.C.Saidemberg, D.Deng, T.Amato, A.A.Togashi, M.Hsueh, W.A.Phillips, K.Palma, M.S.Neves, F.A.Skaf, M.S.Webb, P.Polikarpov, I.

(2012) PLoS One 7: e36297-e36297

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036297
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    4EM9, 4EMA

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) act through peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) γ to increase insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but deleterious effects of these ligands mean that selective modulators with improved clinical profiles are needed. We obtained a crystal structure of PPARγ ligand binding domain (LBD) and found that the ligand binding pocket (LBP) is occupied by bacterial medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs). We verified that MCFAs (C8-C10) bind the PPARγ LBD in vitro and showed that they are low-potency partial agonists that display assay-specific actions relative to TZDs; they act as very weak partial agonists in transfections with PPARγ LBD, stronger partial agonists with full length PPARγ and exhibit full blockade of PPARγ phosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (cdk5), linked to reversal of adipose tissue insulin resistance. MCFAs that bind PPARγ also antagonize TZD-dependent adipogenesis in vitro. X-ray structure B-factor analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations suggest that MCFAs weakly stabilize C-terminal activation helix (H) 12 relative to TZDs and this effect is highly dependent on chain length. By contrast, MCFAs preferentially stabilize the H2-H3/β-sheet region and the helix (H) 11-H12 loop relative to TZDs and we propose that MCFA assay-specific actions are linked to their unique binding mode and suggest that it may be possible to identify selective PPARγ modulators with useful clinical profiles among natural products.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    São Carlos Physics Institute, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
A, B
275Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: PPARGNR1C3
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P37231 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P37231 
Go to UniProtKB:  P37231
PHAROS:  P37231
GTEx:  ENSG00000132170 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP37231
Sequence Annotations
Expand
  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 3 Unique
IDChains Name / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
TCE
Query on TCE

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
H [auth B]3,3',3''-phosphanetriyltripropanoic acid
C9 H15 O6 P
PZBFGYYEXUXCOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
KNA
Query on KNA

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
C [auth A],
D [auth A],
E [auth A],
G [auth B]
nonanoic acid
C9 H18 O2
FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
GOL
Query on GOL

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
F [auth A],
I [auth B],
J [auth B]
GLYCEROL
C3 H8 O3
PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.10 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.235 
  • R-Value Work: 0.205 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.206 
  • Space Group: C 1 2 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 92.731α = 90
b = 62.255β = 101.94
c = 118.649γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
HKL-2000data collection
PHASERphasing
PHENIXrefinement
HKL-2000data reduction
SCALEPACKdata scaling

Structure Validation

View Full Validation Report



Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2013-03-06
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2023-09-13
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Refinement description