3LSD

N-Domain of human adhesion/growth-regulatory galectin-9


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.03 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.260 
  • R-Value Work: 0.191 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.194 

Starting Model: experimental
View more details

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

N-domain of human adhesion/growth-regulatory galectin-9: preference for distinct conformers and non-sialylated N-glycans and detection of ligand-induced structural changes in crystal and solution.

Solis, D.Mate, M.J.Lohr, M.Ribeiro, J.P.Lopez-Merino, L.Andre, S.Buzamet, E.Canada, F.J.Kaltner, H.Lensch, M.Ruiz, F.M.Haroske, G.Wollina, U.Kloor, M.Kopitz, J.Saiz, J.L.Menendez, M.Jimenez-Barbero, J.Romero, A.Gabius, H.J.

(2010) Int J Biochem Cell Biol 42: 1019-1029

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2010.03.007
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    3LSD, 3LSE

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Human tandem-repeat-type galectin-9 is a potent adhesion/growth-regulatory effector via lectin capacity of its N- and C-terminal domains. This bioactivity prompted further crystallographic study of the N-domain, combined with analysis in solution. Binding of lactose markedly increased the N-domain's resistance to thermal denaturation. Crystallography revealed its intimate contact profile, besides detecting an extension of the beta-sandwich fold by an antiparallel beta-strand F0 aligned to the C-terminal F1 strand. Ligand accommodation in its low-energy conformation leads to a movement of Arg87's side chain. As consequence, the ligand's glucose moiety and Arg87 become hydrogen bonded. The resulting predictions for spatial parameters in solution were verified by determining (a) the pattern of magnetization transfer from the protein to protons of lactose and Forssman disaccharide by NMR spectroscopy and (b) the ellipticity changes at wavelengths characteristic for Trp/Tyr residues in near-UV CD spectroscopy. Whereas solid-phase assays confirmed a previously noted tendency for homo- and heterotypic aggregation, gel filtration and ultracentrifugation disclosed monomeric status in solution, in line with crystallographic data. Using cell mutants with defects in glycosylation, this lectin domain was shown to preferentially bind N-glycans without alpha2,3-sialylation. Since proximal promoter sequences were delineated to diverge markedly among galectin genes and resulting differences in expression profiles were exemplarily documented immunohistochemically, the intrafamily diversification appears to have assigned this protein to a characteristic expression and activity profile among galectins. Our data thus take the crystallographic information to the level of the lectin in solution and in tissues by a strategic combination of spectroscopic and cell/histochemical assays.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano, CSIC, Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain. d.solis@iqfr.csic.es


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Galectin-9143Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: LGALS9
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for O00182 (Homo sapiens)
Explore O00182 
Go to UniProtKB:  O00182
PHAROS:  O00182
GTEx:  ENSG00000168961 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupO00182
Sequence Annotations
Expand
  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.03 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.260 
  • R-Value Work: 0.191 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.194 
  • Space Group: P 31 1 2
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 37.813α = 90
b = 37.813β = 90
c = 153.5γ = 120
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
ADSCdata collection
MOLREPphasing
REFMACrefinement
MOSFLMdata reduction
SCALAdata scaling

Structure Validation

View Full Validation Report



Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2010-05-05
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2023-09-06
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Refinement description