3CAQ

Crystal structure of 5beta-reductase (AKR1D1) in complex with NADPH


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.20 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.251 
  • R-Value Work: 0.216 

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Crystal Structures of Human Delta4-3-Ketosteroid 5beta-Reductase (AKR1D1) Reveal the Presence of an Alternative Binding Site Responsible for Substrate Inhibition (dagger) (,) (double dagger).

Faucher, F.Cantin, L.Luu-The, V.Labrie, F.Breton, R.

(2008) Biochemistry 47: 13537-13546

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/bi801276h
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    3CAQ, 3CAS

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    The 5beta-reductases (AKR1D1-3) are unique enzymes able to catalyze efficiently and in a stereospecific manner the 5beta-reduction of the C4-C5 double bond found in Delta4-3-ketosteroids, including steroid hormones and bile acids precursors such as 7alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one and 7alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one. In order to elucidate the binding mode and substrate specificity in detail, biochemical and structural studies on human 5beta-reductase (h5beta-red; AKR1D1) have been recently undertaken. The crystal structure of a h5beta-red binary complex provides a complete picture of the NADPH-enzyme interactions involving the flexible loop B, which contributes to the maintenance of the cofactor in its binding site by acting as a "safety belt". Structural comparison with binary complexes of AKR1C enzymes, specifically the human type 3 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C2) and the mouse 17alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (AKR1C21), also revealed particularities in loop B positioning that make the steroid-binding cavity of h5beta-red substantially larger than those of the two other enzymes. Kinetic characterization of the purified recombinant h5beta-red has shown that this enzyme exerts a strong activity toward progesterone (Prog) and androstenedione (Delta4) but is rapidly inhibited by these substrates once their concentrations reach 2-times their K(m) value. A crystal structure of the h5beta-red in ternary complex with NADPH and Delta4 has revealed that the large steroid-binding site of this enzyme also contains a subsite in which the Delta4 molecule is found. When bound in this subsite, Delta4 completely impedes the passage of another substrate molecule toward the catalytic site. The importance of this alternative binding site for the inhibition of h5beta-red was finally proven by site-directed mutagenesis, which demonstrated that the replacement of one of the residues delineating this site (Val(309)) by a phenylalanine completely abolishes the substrate inhibition. The results of this report provide structural insights into the substrate inhibition of h5beta-red by C19- and C21-steroids.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Oncology and Molecular Endocrinology Research Center, Laval University Medical Center (CHUL) and Laval University, Laval, Quebec (QC) G1V 4G2, Canada.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
3-oxo-5-beta-steroid 4-dehydrogenase
A, B
326Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: AKR1D1SRD5B1
EC: 1.3.1.3
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P51857 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P51857 
Go to UniProtKB:  P51857
PHAROS:  P51857
GTEx:  ENSG00000122787 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP51857
Sequence Annotations
Expand
  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 4 Unique
IDChains Name / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
NDP
Query on NDP

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
C [auth A],
H [auth B]
NADPH DIHYDRO-NICOTINAMIDE-ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE
C21 H30 N7 O17 P3
ACFIXJIJDZMPPO-NNYOXOHSSA-N
MPD
Query on MPD

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
G [auth A],
K [auth B]
(4S)-2-METHYL-2,4-PENTANEDIOL
C6 H14 O2
SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-YFKPBYRVSA-N
BME
Query on BME

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
D [auth A],
I [auth B]
BETA-MERCAPTOETHANOL
C2 H6 O S
DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
EDO
Query on EDO

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
E [auth A],
F [auth A],
J [auth B]
1,2-ETHANEDIOL
C2 H6 O2
LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.20 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.251 
  • R-Value Work: 0.216 
  • Space Group: P 21 21 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 50.38α = 90
b = 110.63β = 90
c = 130.65γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
XSCALEdata scaling
MOLREPphasing
CNSrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction
CrystalCleardata collection
XDSdata reduction

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2008-12-09
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2018-01-24
    Changes: Structure summary
  • Version 1.3: 2024-02-21
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations