1MMT

Crystal structure of ternary complex of the catalytic domain of human phenylalanine hydroxylase (Fe(II)) complexed with tetrahydrobiopterin and norleucine


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.00 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.243 
  • R-Value Work: 0.213 

Starting Model: experimental
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This is version 1.4 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

2.0A resolution crystal structures of the ternary complexes of human phenylalanine hydroxylase catalytic domain with tetrahydrobiopterin and 3-(2-thienyl)-L-alanine or L-norleucine: substrate specificity and molecular motions related to substrate binding

Andersen, O.A.Stokka, A.J.Flatmark, T.Hough, E.

(2003) J Mol Biol 333: 747-757

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2003.09.004
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    1MMK, 1MMT

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    The crystal structures of the catalytic domain of human phenylalanine hydroxylase (hPheOH) in complex with the physiological cofactor 6(R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)) and the substrate analogues 3-(2-thienyl)-L-alanine (THA) or L-norleucine (NLE) have been determined at 2.0A resolution. The ternary THA complex confirms a previous 2.5A structure, and the ternary NLE complex shows that similar large conformational changes occur on binding of NLE as those observed for THA. Both structures demonstrate that substrate binding triggers structural changes throughout the entire protomer, including the displacement of Tyr138 from a surface position to a buried position at the active site, with a maximum displacement of 20.7A for its hydroxyl group. Two hinge-bending regions, centred at Leu197 and Asn223, act in consort upon substrate binding to create further large structural changes for parts of the C terminus. Thus, THA/L-Phe binding to the active site is likely to represent the epicentre of the global conformational changes observed in the full-length tetrameric enzyme. The carboxyl and amino groups of THA and NLE are positioned identically in the two structures, supporting the conclusion that these groups are of key importance in substrate binding, thus explaining the broad non-physiological substrate specificity observed for artificially activated forms of the enzyme. However, the specific activity with NLE as the substrate was only about 5% of that with THA, which is explained by the different affinities of binding and different catalytic turnover.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway.


Macromolecules
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Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Phenylalanine-4-hydroxylase325Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: PAH
EC: 1.14.16.1
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P00439 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P00439 
Go to UniProtKB:  P00439
PHAROS:  P00439
GTEx:  ENSG00000171759 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP00439
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.00 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.243 
  • R-Value Work: 0.213 
  • Space Group: C 2 2 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 65.14α = 90
b = 106.638β = 90
c = 123.611γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
DENZOdata reduction
SCALAdata scaling
CNSrefinement
CCP4data scaling

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2003-09-04
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2008-04-28
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.3: 2023-10-25
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Refinement description
  • Version 1.4: 2023-11-15
    Changes: Data collection