1BXS

SHEEP LIVER CLASS 1 ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE WITH NAD BOUND


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.35 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.259 
  • R-Value Work: 0.235 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.235 

Starting Model: experimental
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This is version 1.4 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Sheep liver cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase: the structure reveals the basis for the retinal specificity of class 1 aldehyde dehydrogenases.

Moore, S.A.Baker, H.M.Blythe, T.J.Kitson, K.E.Kitson, T.M.Baker, E.N.

(1998) Structure 6: 1541-1551

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0969-2126(98)00152-x
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    1BXS

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    . Enzymes of the aldehyde dehydrogenase family are required for the clearance of potentially toxic aldehydes, and are essential for the production of key metabolic regulators. The cytosolic, or class 1, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1) of higher vertebrates has an enhanced specificity for all-trans retinal, oxidising it to the powerful differentiation factor all-trans retinoic acid. Thus, ALDH1 is very likely to have a key role in vertebrate development. . The three-dimensional structure of sheep ALDH1 has been determined by X-ray crystallography to 2.35 A resolution. The overall tertiary and quaternary structures are very similar to those of bovine mitochondrial ALDH (ALDH2), but there are important differences in the entrance tunnel for the substrate. In the ALDH1 structure, the sidechain of the general base Glu268 is disordered and the NAD+ cofactor binds in two distinct modes. . The submicromolar Km of ALDH1 for all-trans retinal, and its 600-fold enhanced affinity for retinal compared to acetaldehyde, are explained by the size and shape of the substrate entrance tunnel in ALDH1. All-trans retinal fits into the active-site pocket of ALDH1, but not into the pocket of ALDH2. Two helices and one surface loop that line the tunnel are likely to have a key role in defining substrate specificity in the wider ALDH family. The relative sizes of the tunnels also suggest why the bulky alcohol aversive drug disulfiram reacts more rapidly with ALDH1 than ALDH2. The disorder of Glu268 and the observation that NAD+ binds in two distinct modes indicate that flexibility is a key facet of the enzyme reaction mechanism.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Massey University, Private Bag, 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.


Macromolecules
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Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE
A, B, C, D
501Ovis ariesMutation(s): 0 
EC: 1.2.1.3 (PDB Primary Data), 1.2.1.19 (UniProt), 1.2.1.28 (UniProt), 1.2.1.36 (UniProt)
UniProt
Find proteins for P51977 (Ovis aries)
Explore P51977 
Go to UniProtKB:  P51977
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP51977
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.35 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.259 
  • R-Value Work: 0.235 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.235 
  • Space Group: P 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 80.689α = 110.47
b = 87.625β = 105.63
c = 90.84γ = 103.56
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
AMoREphasing
CNSrefinement
DENZOdata reduction
SCALEPACKdata scaling

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 1999-04-27
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2008-03-24
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.3: 2023-08-09
    Changes: Database references, Derived calculations, Refinement description
  • Version 1.4: 2024-05-22
    Changes: Data collection