5GDS

HIRUNORMS ARE TRUE HIRUDIN MIMETICS. THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN ALPHA-THROMBIN:HIRUNORM V COMPLEX


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.10 Å
  • R-Value Work: 0.176 

Starting Model: experimental
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wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.4 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Hirunorms are true hirudin mimetics. The crystal structure of human alpha-thrombin-hirunorm V complex.

De Simone, G.Lombardi, A.Galdiero, S.Nastri, F.Della Morte, R.Staiano, N.Pedone, C.Bolognesi, M.Pavone, V.

(1998) Protein Sci 7: 243-253

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pro.5560070203
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    5GDS

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    A novel class of synthetic, multisite-directed thrombin inhibitors, known as hirunorms, has been described recently. These compounds were designed to mimic the binding mode of hirudin, and they have been proven to be very strong and selective thrombin inhibitors. Here we report the crystal structure of the complex formed by human alpha-thrombin and hirunorm V, a 26-residue polypeptide containing non-natural amino acids, determined at 2.1 A resolution and refined to an R-factor of 0.176. The structure reveals that the inhibitor binding mode is distinctive of a true hirudin mimetic, and it highlights the molecular basis of the high inhibitory potency (Ki is in the picomolar range) and the strong selectivity of hirunorm V. Hirunorm V interacts through the N-terminal tetrapeptide with the thrombin active site in a nonsubstrate mode; at the same time, this inhibitor specifically binds through the C-terminal segment to the fibrinogen recognition exosite. The backbone of the N-terminal tetrapeptide Chg1"-Val2"-2-Nal3"-Thr4" (Chg, cyclohexyl-glycine; 2-Nal, beta-(2-naphthyl)-alanine) forms a short beta-strand parallel to thrombin main-chain residues Ser214-Gly219. The Chg1" side chain fills the S2 subsite, Val2" is located at the entrance of S1, whereas 2-Nal3" side chain occupies the aryl-binding site. Such backbone orientation is very close to that observed for the N-terminal residues of hirudin, and it is similar to that of the synthetic retro-binding peptide BMS-183507, but it is opposite to the proposed binding mode of fibrinogen and of small synthetic substrates. Hirunorm V C-terminal segment binds to the fibrinogen recognition exosite, similarly to what observed for hirudin C-termninal tail and related compounds. The linker polypeptide segment connecting hirunorm V N-and C-terminal regions is not observable in the electron density maps. The crystallographic analysis proves the correctness of the design and it provides a compelling proof on the interaction mechanism for this novel class of high potency multisite-directed synthetic thrombin inhibitors.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca su Peptidi Bioattivi, & Centro di Studio di Biocristallografia-CNR, University of Napoli Federico II, Italy.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
ALPHA-THROMBINA [auth L]36Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
EC: 3.4.21.5
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P00734 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P00734 
Go to UniProtKB:  P00734
PHAROS:  P00734
GTEx:  ENSG00000180210 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP00734
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
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Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
ALPHA-THROMBINB [auth H]259Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
EC: 3.4.21.5
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P00734 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P00734 
Go to UniProtKB:  P00734
PHAROS:  P00734
GTEx:  ENSG00000180210 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP00734
Glycosylation
Glycosylation Sites: 1Go to GlyGen: P00734-1
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
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Entity ID: 3
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
HIRUNORM VC [auth I]26N/AMutation(s): 0 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 1 Unique
IDChains Name / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
NAG
Query on NAG

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
D [auth H]2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
C8 H15 N O6
OVRNDRQMDRJTHS-FMDGEEDCSA-N
Modified Residues  3 Unique
IDChains TypeFormula2D DiagramParent
AIB
Query on AIB
C [auth I]L-PEPTIDE LINKINGC4 H9 N O2ALA
ALC
Query on ALC
C [auth I]L-PEPTIDE LINKINGC9 H17 N O2ALA
NAL
Query on NAL
C [auth I]L-PEPTIDE LINKINGC13 H13 N O2ALA
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.10 Å
  • R-Value Work: 0.176 
  • Space Group: C 1 2 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 71.9α = 90
b = 72.8β = 100.7
c = 73.3γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
MOSFLMdata reduction
CCP4data reduction
CCP4model building
TNTrefinement
CCP4data scaling
CCP4phasing

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 1998-01-21
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2008-03-21
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Atomic model, Database references, Derived calculations, Non-polymer description, Structure summary, Version format compliance
  • Version 1.3: 2020-07-29
    Type: Remediation
    Reason: Carbohydrate remediation
    Changes: Advisory, Data collection, Derived calculations, Structure summary
  • Version 1.4: 2023-08-09
    Changes: Advisory, Database references, Refinement description, Structure summary