3NI2

Crystal structures and enzymatic mechanisms of a Populus tomentosa 4-coumarate:CoA ligase


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.90 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.196 
  • R-Value Work: 0.177 

Starting Model: experimental
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Literature

Crystal structures of a Populus tomentosa 4-coumarate:CoA ligase shed light on its enzymatic mechanisms

Hu, Y.Gai, Y.Yin, L.Wang, X.Feng, C.Feng, L.Li, D.Jiang, X.N.Wang, D.C.

(2010) Plant Cell 22: 3093-3104

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.109.072652
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    3A9U, 3A9V, 3NI2

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    4-Coumaric acid:CoA ligase (4CL) is the central enzyme of the plant-specific phenylpropanoid pathway. It catalyzes the synthesis of hydroxycinnamate-CoA thioesters, the precursors of lignin and other important phenylpropanoids, in two-step reactions involving the formation of hydroxycinnamate-AMP anhydride and then the nucleophilic substitution of AMP by CoA. In this study, we determined the crystal structures of Populus tomentosa 4CL1 in the unmodified (apo) form and in forms complexed with AMP and adenosine 5'-(3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propyl)phosphate (APP), an intermediate analog, at 2.4, 2.5, and 1.9 Å resolution, respectively. 4CL1 consists of two globular domains connected by a flexible linker region. The larger N-domain contains a substrate binding pocket, while the C-domain contains catalytic residues. Upon binding of APP, the C-domain rotates 81° relative to the N-domain. The crystal structure of 4CL1-APP reveals its substrate binding pocket. We identified residues essential for catalytic activities (Lys-438, Gln-443, and Lys-523) and substrate binding (Tyr-236, Gly-306, Gly-331, Pro-337, and Val-338) based on their crystal structures and by means of mutagenesis and enzymatic activity studies. We also demonstrated that the size of the binding pocket is the most important factor in determining the substrate specificities of 4CL1. These findings shed light on the enzymatic mechanisms of 4CLs and provide a solid foundation for the bioengineering of these enzymes.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    National Lab of Biomacromoleucles, Center for Structural and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
4-coumarate:CoA ligase536Populus tomentosaMutation(s): 0 
EC: 6.2.1.12
UniProt
Find proteins for Q941M3 (Populus tomentosa)
Explore Q941M3 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q941M3
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ941M3
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.90 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.196 
  • R-Value Work: 0.177 
  • Space Group: I 21 3
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 161.51α = 90
b = 161.51β = 90
c = 161.51γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
MOSFLMdata reduction
SCALAdata scaling
PHASERphasing
CNSrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2010-09-08
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2015-04-29
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.3: 2023-11-01
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Refinement description